adjustment costs

简明释义

理算费用

英英释义

例句

1.Economists suggest that adjustment costs 调整成本 can hinder economic growth.

经济学家建议，调整成本可能会阻碍经济增长。

2.The adjustment costs 调整成本 of switching to renewable energy sources can be substantial.

转向可再生能源的调整成本可能是相当可观的。

3.The company faced significant adjustment costs 调整成本 when implementing the new software system.

公司在实施新软件系统时面临了显著的调整成本。

4.Reducing workforce can lead to high adjustment costs 调整成本 associated with severance packages.

裁减员工可能会导致与遣散费相关的高调整成本。

5.Firms need to consider adjustment costs 调整成本 when changing suppliers.

公司在更换供应商时需要考虑调整成本。

作文

In the world of economics and business, the concept of adjustment costs is crucial for understanding how firms respond to changes in their environment. Adjustment costs refer to the expenses that a company incurs when it alters its production levels or modifies its operations to adapt to new market conditions. These costs can arise from various factors, including hiring and training new employees, purchasing new equipment, or even the loss of productivity during the transition period. Understanding adjustment costs is essential for businesses as they navigate through fluctuations in demand, technological advancements, and shifts in consumer preferences.When a company faces an increase in demand for its products, it may need to ramp up production. This process often involves significant adjustment costs. For instance, if a factory needs to hire additional workers, the company must invest time and resources into the recruitment process, training, and possibly providing benefits. Moreover, there may be a learning curve associated with new employees, leading to temporary inefficiencies. Thus, while the company aims to increase output, it must also manage these adjustment costs effectively to ensure that the transition does not negatively impact overall profitability.Conversely, when demand decreases, companies might need to scale back production. This scenario also incurs adjustment costs, such as severance pay for laid-off workers or costs related to unused equipment. The decision to downsize can be emotionally and financially taxing for a company, as it must weigh the immediate savings against the long-term implications of losing skilled labor and institutional knowledge. Therefore, managing adjustment costs becomes a balancing act between maintaining operational efficiency and ensuring employee morale.Furthermore, adjustment costs can also manifest in terms of technological upgrades. As industries evolve, companies often find themselves needing to adopt new technologies to stay competitive. However, the transition to new systems can be fraught with challenges. Training employees on new software or machinery can incur substantial adjustment costs, as can the potential downtime experienced during the switch. Firms must carefully evaluate these costs against the anticipated benefits of improved productivity and efficiency.In addition to direct financial implications, adjustment costs can have broader economic impacts. When many firms in an industry face similar pressures and incur adjustment costs, it can lead to larger-scale economic shifts. For example, if multiple businesses in a region downsize simultaneously, the local economy may suffer due to increased unemployment and decreased spending power. Policymakers need to consider these dynamics when developing strategies to support businesses and mitigate the negative effects of adjustment costs on the economy.In conclusion, adjustment costs play a vital role in how businesses adapt to changing circumstances. Whether responding to increased demand, downsizing, or incorporating new technologies, companies must navigate these costs carefully to maintain their competitiveness and profitability. By understanding the implications of adjustment costs, both businesses and policymakers can make informed decisions that foster a more resilient economic environment.

在经济和商业的世界中，调整成本的概念对于理解企业如何应对环境变化至关重要。调整成本是指公司在改变生产水平或修改运营以适应新市场条件时所产生的费用。这些成本可能源于多种因素，包括雇用和培训新员工、购买新设备，甚至是在过渡期间的生产力损失。理解调整成本对于企业在应对需求波动、技术进步和消费者偏好变化时至关重要。当一家公司面临对其产品需求增加时，可能需要提高生产。这一过程通常涉及显著的调整成本。例如，如果一家工厂需要雇用额外的工人，公司必须在招聘过程中投入时间和资源，包括培训以及可能提供的福利。此外，新员工可能需要一定的学习曲线，这会导致暂时的低效。因此，虽然公司旨在增加产量，但它还必须有效管理这些调整成本，以确保过渡不会对整体盈利能力产生负面影响。相反，当需求减少时，公司可能需要缩减生产。这种情况也会产生调整成本，例如裁员员工的遣散费或与未使用设备相关的费用。裁员的决定对于公司来说可能在情感和财务上都是巨大的压力，因为它必须权衡即时节省与失去熟练劳动力和机构知识的长期影响。因此，管理调整成本变成了在保持运营效率和确保员工士气之间的平衡。此外，调整成本还可能在技术升级方面显现出来。随着行业的发展，公司常常发现自己需要采用新技术以保持竞争力。然而，过渡到新系统可能充满挑战。培训员工使用新软件或机械可能会产生可观的调整成本，而在切换期间可能出现的停机时间也会带来额外的成本。公司必须仔细评估这些成本与预期的生产力和效率提升之间的关系。除了直接的财务影响，调整成本还可能对更广泛的经济产生影响。当某一行业中的许多公司面临类似压力并产生调整成本时，可能会导致更大规模的经济转变。例如，如果一个地区的多家企业同时缩减规模，当地经济可能会因失业增加和消费能力下降而受到影响。政策制定者在制定支持企业和减轻调整成本对经济负面影响的战略时，需要考虑这些动态。总之，调整成本在企业适应变化环境中扮演着至关重要的角色。无论是应对需求增加、缩减规模还是采用新技术，公司都必须谨慎应对这些成本，以保持竞争力和盈利能力。通过理解调整成本的影响，企业和政策制定者可以做出明智的决策，从而促进更具韧性的经济环境。