adiabatic rate

简明释义

绝热变化率

英英释义

例句

1.The adiabatic rate 绝热速率 plays a significant role in predicting weather patterns.

在预测天气模式时，adiabatic rate 绝热速率起着重要作用。

2.In thermodynamics, the adiabatic rate 绝热速率 is crucial for understanding how gases behave under rapid compression.

在热力学中，adiabatic rate 绝热速率 对理解气体在快速压缩下的行为至关重要。

3.The adiabatic rate 绝热速率 of a gas can be calculated using specific heat capacities.

气体的adiabatic rate 绝热速率可以通过比热容计算得出。

4.Understanding the adiabatic rate 绝热速率 helps engineers design better HVAC systems.

理解adiabatic rate 绝热速率有助于工程师设计更好的暖通空调系统。

5.Engine efficiency can be improved by optimizing the adiabatic rate 绝热速率 during combustion.

通过优化燃烧过程中的adiabatic rate 绝热速率，可以提高发动机效率。

作文

In the study of thermodynamics, the term adiabatic rate refers to the rate of temperature change in a system that does not exchange heat with its surroundings. This concept is crucial in understanding various processes in physics and engineering, particularly when analyzing the behavior of gases. When a gas expands or compresses without heat transfer, it undergoes an adiabatic process, which can significantly affect its temperature and pressure. The adiabatic rate can be derived from the principles of the first law of thermodynamics, which states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another. In an adiabatic process, the work done on or by the system results in a change in internal energy, leading to a change in temperature. For example, when a gas is compressed rapidly, the work done on the gas increases its internal energy, resulting in an increase in temperature. Conversely, when a gas expands rapidly, it does work on the surroundings, leading to a decrease in internal energy and a drop in temperature.One practical application of the adiabatic rate is found in the field of meteorology. The atmosphere is a vast system where air parcels can rise and fall, experiencing changes in pressure and temperature. When an air parcel rises, it expands due to lower atmospheric pressure at higher altitudes. If this expansion occurs quickly enough that no heat is exchanged with the surrounding air, the process is considered adiabatic. The adiabatic rate for dry air is approximately 9.8 degrees Celsius per kilometer of ascent. This means that for every kilometer an air parcel rises, its temperature decreases by about 9.8 degrees Celsius, assuming no heat transfer occurs.Understanding the adiabatic rate is also essential in engineering applications, such as designing engines and refrigeration systems. In these systems, engineers must account for the temperature changes that occur during compression and expansion of gases. For instance, in a piston engine, the rapid compression of the fuel-air mixture leads to an increase in temperature, which is critical for ignition. Similarly, in refrigeration cycles, the adiabatic rate helps engineers predict how much cooling will occur when a refrigerant expands in the evaporator.Moreover, the concept of the adiabatic rate extends beyond just gases. It can also apply to other materials undergoing phase changes, where heat exchange is minimal. For example, when water vapor condenses into liquid water, the adiabatic rate can influence the temperature and energy dynamics of the process, impacting weather patterns and climate.In conclusion, the adiabatic rate is a fundamental concept in thermodynamics that describes the temperature change of a system during adiabatic processes. Its implications are far-reaching, influencing fields from meteorology to engineering. By understanding how the adiabatic rate operates, scientists and engineers can better predict and manipulate the behavior of gases and other materials in various applications. As we continue to explore the complexities of thermodynamic systems, the adiabatic rate remains a key factor in our understanding of energy transfer and transformation.

在热力学研究中，术语绝热速率指的是一个系统在不与周围环境交换热量的情况下温度变化的速率。这个概念对于理解物理和工程中的各种过程至关重要，特别是在分析气体行为时。当气体在没有热量转移的情况下膨胀或压缩时，它经历一种绝热过程，这可能会显著影响其温度和压力。绝热速率可以从热力学第一定律的原则推导出来，该定律指出能量不能被创造或消灭，只能从一种形式转化为另一种形式。在绝热过程中，对系统所做的功导致内能的变化，从而引起温度的变化。例如，当气体迅速被压缩时，对气体所做的功增加了其内能，导致温度升高。相反，当气体迅速膨胀时，它对周围环境做了功，导致内能减少，温度下降。绝热速率的一个实际应用可以在气象学领域找到。大气是一个庞大的系统，其中气团可以上升和下降，经历压力和温度的变化。当气团上升时，由于高海拔地区的气压较低，它会膨胀。如果这种膨胀发生得足够快，以至于与周围空气没有热量交换，则该过程被认为是绝热的。干燥空气的绝热速率大约为每公里下降9.8摄氏度。这意味着每当一个气团上升一公里，其温度就会下降约9.8摄氏度，假设没有热量转移发生。理解绝热速率在工程应用中也至关重要，例如在发动机和制冷系统的设计中。在这些系统中，工程师必须考虑在气体的压缩和膨胀过程中发生的温度变化。例如，在活塞发动机中，燃料-空气混合物的快速压缩会导致温度升高，这对点火至关重要。同样，在制冷循环中，绝热速率帮助工程师预测在蒸发器中制冷剂膨胀时将发生多少冷却。此外，绝热速率的概念不仅限于气体。它也可以应用于其他材料经历相变的过程，其中热量交换最小。例如，当水蒸气凝结成液态水时，绝热速率可以影响该过程的温度和能量动态，从而影响天气模式和气候。总之，绝热速率是热力学中的一个基本概念，描述了在绝热过程中系统的温度变化。它的影响远及各个领域，从气象学到工程。通过理解绝热速率的运作方式，科学家和工程师可以更好地预测和操控气体及其他材料在各种应用中的行为。随着我们继续探索热力学系统的复杂性，绝热速率仍然是我们理解能量转移和转化的关键因素。