action in rem

简明释义

对物诉讼;告船

英英释义

例句

1.The plaintiff initiated an action in rem 物的诉讼 against the aircraft to claim compensation for the accident.

原告对飞机提起了action in rem 物的诉讼以索赔事故损失。

2.In maritime law, an action in rem 物的诉讼 allows a party to seek a remedy against a vessel itself rather than just the owner.

在海事法中，action in rem 物的诉讼允许一方对船只本身寻求救济，而不仅仅是船主。

3.The court ruled that the ship was subject to an action in rem 物的诉讼 for the damages caused during the collision.

法院裁定该船只因碰撞造成的损害而面临action in rem 物的诉讼。

4.When a lien is placed on property, it can be enforced through an action in rem 物的诉讼 to recover debts.

当财产上有留置权时，可以通过action in rem 物的诉讼来追讨债务。

5.An action in rem 物的诉讼 can be filed in admiralty courts for issues related to shipping and navigation.

与运输和航行相关的问题可以在海事法庭提起action in rem 物的诉讼。

作文

In the realm of law, the term action in rem refers to a legal action directed toward a specific piece of property rather than against a person. This concept is crucial in understanding how property rights are enforced and disputes are resolved. An action in rem is often contrasted with an 'action in personam', which is a lawsuit directed against a particular individual or entity. The primary focus of an action in rem is the status of the property itself, making it a unique and significant aspect of property law.To illustrate, consider a scenario where a ship is involved in a maritime dispute. If there are claims regarding the ownership of the ship or damages incurred, an action in rem can be initiated against the ship itself. This means that the court's jurisdiction extends to the vessel, and any judgment rendered will affect the ship regardless of the owners' identities. The legal principle behind this is that the property is treated as the defendant, and the outcome of the case will determine the rights associated with that property.The significance of action in rem becomes evident in cases involving liens or claims against property. For instance, if a contractor has not been paid for work done on a house, they may file an action in rem against the property to secure their payment. This legal action asserts that the contractor has a right to be compensated from the value of the property itself, rather than solely relying on the homeowner’s ability to pay. This mechanism provides a level of security for creditors and ensures that property can be used as a means of enforcing financial obligations.Another important aspect of action in rem is its applicability in international law, particularly in cases of salvage or environmental damage. For example, if a foreign vessel spills oil in territorial waters, an action in rem may be brought against the vessel to recover cleanup costs. This approach simplifies the process of holding parties accountable, as it allows nations to target the offending property directly, rather than navigating through complex jurisdictional issues related to the owners.In conclusion, the concept of action in rem plays a pivotal role in property law by allowing legal actions to be taken against specific properties rather than individuals. This mechanism not only facilitates the enforcement of property rights but also serves as a valuable tool for creditors and governments in various legal contexts. Understanding action in rem is essential for anyone studying law, as it underscores the importance of property in the legal system and highlights the different approaches to resolving disputes related to ownership and rights. By recognizing the implications of action in rem, individuals can better navigate the complexities of property law and appreciate its significance in both domestic and international arenas.

在法律领域，术语action in rem指的是针对特定财产而非针对个人的法律诉讼。这个概念对于理解财产权的执行和争议的解决至关重要。action in rem通常与“人身诉讼（action in personam）”相对立，后者是针对特定个人或实体的诉讼。action in rem的主要焦点是财产本身的状态，使其成为财产法中的一个独特且重要的方面。为了说明这一点，考虑一个涉及海事争议的场景。如果有关于船只所有权或发生的损害的索赔，可以对船只提起action in rem。这意味着法院的管辖权延伸至该船，任何判决将影响该船，无论所有者的身份如何。这一法律原则认为财产被视为被告，案件的结果将决定与该财产相关的权利。action in rem的重要性在于其在留置权或财产索赔中的适用性。例如，如果承包商未收到房屋工程的款项，他们可以对该财产提起action in rem以确保支付。这一法律行动主张承包商有权从财产的价值中获得补偿，而不仅仅依赖于房主的支付能力。这一机制为债权人提供了一定程度的保障，并确保财产可以作为强制执行财务义务的手段。action in rem的另一个重要方面是在国际法中的适用性，特别是在救助或环境损害案件中。例如，如果一艘外国船只在领海内泄漏石油，可以对该船只提起action in rem以追讨清理费用。这种方法简化了追究责任方的过程，因为它允许国家直接针对违规财产，而不必在复杂的与所有者相关的管辖权问题中徘徊。总之，action in rem的概念在财产法中发挥着关键作用，允许针对特定财产而非个人采取法律行动。这一机制不仅促进了财产权的执行，还为债权人和政府在各种法律背景下提供了宝贵的工具。了解action in rem对任何学习法律的人来说都是必不可少的，因为它强调了财产在法律体系中的重要性，并突显了解决与所有权和权利相关争议的不同方法。通过认识到action in rem的影响，个人可以更好地驾驭财产法的复杂性，并欣赏其在国内和国际领域中的重要性。