yield stress

简明释义

屈服应力

英英释义

例句

1.Engineers must consider the yield stress of steel when designing structures.

工程师在设计结构时必须考虑钢材的屈服应力。

2.The material failed to withstand the applied load because it exceeded its yield stress.

该材料未能承受施加的负荷，因为超出了它的屈服应力。

3.When the load exceeds the yield stress, permanent deformation occurs.

当负荷超过屈服应力时，会发生永久变形。

4.The yield stress of aluminum is lower than that of steel, making it suitable for lightweight applications.

铝的屈服应力低于钢，使其适合轻量化应用。

5.To ensure safety, the design should include a factor of safety above the yield stress.

为了确保安全，设计应包括高于屈服应力的安全系数。

作文

Understanding the concept of yield stress is essential in the field of materials science and engineering. Yield stress refers to the stress at which a material begins to deform plastically. This means that beyond this point, the material will not return to its original shape once the applied stress is removed. The significance of yield stress lies in its ability to define the limits of a material's performance under load. Engineers and designers must consider yield stress when selecting materials for various applications, ensuring that they can withstand the forces they will encounter without permanent deformation.In practical terms, yield stress is crucial in construction, manufacturing, and many other industries. For instance, when designing a bridge, engineers must calculate the maximum loads the structure will face and select materials with appropriate yield stress values. If the yield stress of the materials used is too low, the bridge could suffer from structural failure, leading to catastrophic consequences. Thus, understanding yield stress helps prevent such failures by allowing engineers to make informed decisions about material selection and design.Moreover, the yield stress of materials can vary significantly depending on their composition and processing. For example, metals typically have higher yield stress values compared to polymers, making them suitable for applications requiring high strength. However, even within metals, different alloys can exhibit varying yield stress levels based on their microstructure and treatment processes. Therefore, it is vital for engineers to conduct thorough testing and analysis to determine the yield stress of the materials they intend to use.Another important aspect of yield stress is its relationship to other mechanical properties of materials, such as tensile strength and ductility. While yield stress indicates the point of initial plastic deformation, tensile strength represents the maximum stress a material can withstand before failure. Understanding the distinction between these two properties allows engineers to predict how a material will behave under different loading conditions. Additionally, ductility, which refers to a material's ability to deform without breaking, is often related to its yield stress. Materials with high yield stress but low ductility may fracture suddenly under stress, while those with lower yield stress but higher ductility may undergo significant deformation before failing.In conclusion, comprehending yield stress is vital for anyone involved in material selection and engineering design. It serves as a benchmark for determining the suitability of materials for specific applications, ensuring safety and reliability in structures and products. By taking into account the yield stress along with other mechanical properties, engineers can create designs that not only meet functional requirements but also withstand the test of time. As technology evolves, the importance of accurately measuring and understanding yield stress will continue to grow, paving the way for innovations in material science and engineering practices.

理解屈服应力的概念在材料科学和工程领域至关重要。屈服应力是指材料开始发生塑性变形的应力。这意味着超出这一点，材料在施加的应力去除后将无法恢复到其原始形状。屈服应力的重要性在于它能够定义材料在负载下性能的极限。工程师和设计师在选择各种应用的材料时必须考虑屈服应力，确保它们能够承受所遇到的力量而不会发生永久变形。在实际操作中，屈服应力在建筑、制造和许多其他行业中至关重要。例如，在设计桥梁时，工程师必须计算结构将面临的最大负荷，并选择具有适当屈服应力值的材料。如果所使用材料的屈服应力过低，桥梁可能会遭受结构失效，导致灾难性后果。因此，理解屈服应力有助于通过允许工程师做出明智的材料选择和设计决策来防止此类故障。此外，材料的屈服应力可能会因其成分和加工而显著变化。例如，金属通常具有比聚合物更高的屈服应力值，使其适合需要高强度的应用。然而，即使在金属中，不同的合金也可以根据其微观结构和处理过程表现出不同的屈服应力水平。因此，工程师进行彻底的测试和分析以确定他们打算使用的材料的屈服应力是至关重要的。屈服应力的另一个重要方面是它与材料的其他机械性能之间的关系，例如抗拉强度和延展性。虽然屈服应力表示初始塑性变形的点，但抗拉强度表示材料在破坏前能够承受的最大应力。理解这两个属性之间的区别使工程师能够预测材料在不同加载条件下的行为。此外，延展性是指材料在不破裂的情况下变形的能力，通常与其屈服应力相关。具有高屈服应力但低延展性的材料可能在应力下突然断裂，而那些具有较低屈服应力但较高延展性的材料则可能在失效前经历显著变形。总之，掌握屈服应力对任何参与材料选择和工程设计的人来说都是至关重要的。它作为确定材料特定应用适用性的基准，确保结构和产品的安全性和可靠性。通过考虑屈服应力以及其他机械性能，工程师可以创建不仅满足功能要求而且经得起时间考验的设计。随着技术的发展，准确测量和理解屈服应力的重要性将继续增长，为材料科学和工程实践中的创新铺平道路。