permanent deflection

简明释义

永久变位

英英释义

例句

1.The bridge experienced a permanent deflection due to heavy traffic over the years.

由于多年的重型交通，这座桥梁经历了永久变形。

2.A permanent deflection in the structure can lead to increased maintenance costs.

结构中的永久变形可能导致维护成本增加。

3.Engineers must calculate the permanent deflection of the beam to ensure safety.

工程师必须计算梁的永久变形以确保安全。

4.The permanent deflection of the road caused drainage issues during heavy rains.

道路的永久变形在大雨中导致了排水问题。

5.After the earthquake, the building showed signs of permanent deflection that required extensive repairs.

地震后，建筑物出现了需要大量修复的永久变形迹象。

作文

In the field of engineering and materials science, understanding the concept of permanent deflection is crucial for designing structures that can withstand various loads and stresses. Permanent deflection refers to the deformation that remains in a material or structure after the load has been removed. This phenomenon can occur in various materials, including metals, concrete, and polymers, and it is essential to consider it during the design phase to ensure safety and durability.When a load is applied to a structure, such as a beam or a bridge, it experiences a temporary deformation. This temporary deformation is reversible; once the load is removed, the structure returns to its original shape. However, if the applied load exceeds the material's elastic limit, the structure may experience permanent deflection which indicates that the material has undergone plastic deformation. This means that the material will not return to its original shape, and the change in form becomes a permanent characteristic of the structure.Understanding permanent deflection is particularly important in civil engineering, where the integrity of buildings and infrastructure is paramount. Engineers must calculate the expected loads that a structure will encounter throughout its lifetime, including live loads (like people and furniture) and dead loads (like the weight of the structure itself). If the anticipated loads are too high, the resulting permanent deflection could lead to structural failure or unsafe conditions.Moreover, permanent deflection can affect the performance of mechanical systems. For example, in automotive engineering, components such as suspension systems must be designed to handle loads without experiencing significant permanent deflection. If parts of the suspension system become permanently deformed, it can lead to misalignment, increased wear, and ultimately, failure of the vehicle.To mitigate the effects of permanent deflection, engineers often employ various strategies. One common approach is to use materials with higher yield strength, which can better resist deformation under load. Additionally, incorporating safety factors into designs allows for unexpected loads, reducing the risk of exceeding the elastic limit of materials. Regular maintenance and inspections can also help identify early signs of permanent deflection, allowing for timely repairs before serious issues arise.In conclusion, the concept of permanent deflection plays a vital role in the design and analysis of structures and materials. By understanding how materials behave under load and the implications of permanent deflection, engineers can create safer and more reliable structures. As technology advances and new materials are developed, the study of permanent deflection will continue to evolve, ensuring that we can meet the demands of modern engineering challenges while maintaining safety and performance standards.

在工程和材料科学领域，理解永久变形的概念对于设计能够承受各种负荷和应力的结构至关重要。永久变形是指在移除负荷后，材料或结构中保持的变形。这种现象可以发生在包括金属、混凝土和聚合物在内的各种材料中，在设计阶段考虑这一点对于确保安全和耐久性至关重要。当负荷施加到结构上，例如梁或桥时，它会经历暂时的变形。这种暂时的变形是可逆的；一旦负荷被移除，结构会恢复到其原始形状。然而，如果施加的负荷超过了材料的弹性极限，结构可能会经历永久变形，这表明材料已经经历了塑性变形。这意味着材料将不会恢复到其原始形状，形状的变化将成为结构的一个永久特征。理解永久变形在土木工程中特别重要，因为建筑和基础设施的完整性至关重要。工程师必须计算结构在其生命周期内将遇到的预期负荷，包括活载（如人和家具）和死载（如结构自身的重量）。如果预期的负荷过高，所产生的永久变形可能导致结构失效或不安全的条件。此外，永久变形还可能影响机械系统的性能。例如，在汽车工程中，悬挂系统等组件必须设计成在负荷下不发生显著的永久变形。如果悬挂系统的某些部件发生永久变形，可能会导致错位、磨损增加，最终导致车辆故障。为了减轻永久变形的影响，工程师通常采用各种策略。一种常见的方法是使用具有更高屈服强度的材料，这些材料可以更好地抵抗负荷下的变形。此外，在设计中加入安全系数可以应对意外负荷，从而降低超过材料弹性极限的风险。定期维护和检查也可以帮助及早发现永久变形的迹象，从而在严重问题出现之前及时进行修复。总之，永久变形的概念在结构和材料的设计与分析中起着至关重要的作用。通过理解材料在负荷下的行为及其永久变形的影响，工程师可以创造出更安全、更可靠的结构。随着技术的进步和新材料的开发，永久变形的研究将继续发展，以确保我们能够满足现代工程挑战的要求，同时保持安全和性能标准。