effective cross section

简明释义

有效截面

英英释义

例句

1.In nuclear physics, the effective cross section 有效截面 is crucial for understanding reaction rates.

在核物理中，有效截面 有效截面对于理解反应速率至关重要。

2.The physicist calculated the effective cross section 有效截面 to determine how likely a particle collision would occur.

物理学家计算了有效截面 有效截面以确定粒子碰撞发生的可能性。

3.Researchers often refer to the effective cross section 有效截面 when discussing particle detection efficiency.

研究人员在讨论粒子检测效率时，经常提到有效截面 有效截面。

4.The effective cross section 有效截面 can vary depending on the energy of the incoming particles.

根据入射粒子的能量，有效截面 有效截面可能会有所不同。

5.The team used simulations to estimate the effective cross section 有效截面 of various interactions.

团队使用模拟来估计各种相互作用的有效截面 有效截面。

作文

In the field of physics, particularly in nuclear and particle physics, the term effective cross section refers to a measure that quantifies the likelihood of a specific interaction occurring between particles. It is an important concept that helps scientists understand and predict how particles will behave when they collide with each other. The effective cross section can be thought of as a target area that represents the probability of a scattering event happening. The larger the effective cross section, the greater the chance of interaction between particles. To grasp the significance of the effective cross section, one must first comprehend the basic principles of particle interactions. When two particles approach each other, they are influenced by fundamental forces such as electromagnetic, weak, or strong interactions. Depending on the nature of these forces and the energy levels involved, the particles may either collide and interact or simply pass by each other without any effect. The effective cross section provides a way to quantify this interaction probability. For example, consider a scenario where a beam of neutrons is directed towards a target material. The effective cross section of the target for neutron interactions will determine how many neutrons are likely to be absorbed or scattered by the material. If the effective cross section is large, it indicates that the target is highly reactive to neutrons, leading to a higher number of interactions. Conversely, a small effective cross section suggests that the target is less likely to engage with the incoming neutrons. The concept of effective cross section is not limited to just neutrons; it applies to all types of particles, including electrons, protons, and photons. Each type of interaction has its own characteristic effective cross section value, which can vary significantly based on factors such as energy levels, particle types, and the specific materials involved. Scientists utilize this information to design experiments, develop new technologies, and enhance our understanding of the fundamental building blocks of matter. Moreover, the effective cross section plays a crucial role in various applications beyond basic research. For instance, in nuclear reactors, understanding the effective cross section of different materials is essential for optimizing fuel use and ensuring safety. In medical physics, the effective cross section is vital for radiation therapy, where precise calculations are necessary to target tumors while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissues. In conclusion, the concept of effective cross section serves as a cornerstone in the study of particle interactions. By providing a quantitative measure of interaction probabilities, it allows physicists to make informed predictions about how particles will behave under various conditions. As research continues to advance, the effective cross section will remain an essential tool for unlocking the mysteries of the universe and developing innovative technologies that impact our daily lives.

在物理学领域，特别是核物理和粒子物理中，术语有效截面指的是一个量度，用于量化特定粒子之间发生相互作用的可能性。它是一个重要的概念，帮助科学家理解和预测粒子在碰撞时的行为。有效截面可以被视为一个目标区域，代表了散射事件发生的概率。有效截面越大，粒子之间相互作用的机会就越大。要理解有效截面的重要性，首先必须掌握粒子相互作用的基本原理。当两个粒子相互靠近时，它们受到基本力的影响，例如电磁力、弱力或强力。根据这些力的性质和涉及的能量水平，粒子可能会发生碰撞并相互作用，或者仅仅擦肩而过而没有任何影响。有效截面提供了一种量化这种相互作用概率的方法。例如，考虑一个场景，其中一束中子朝向一个目标材料。目标对中子相互作用的有效截面将决定有多少中子可能被材料吸收或散射。如果有效截面很大，这表明目标对中子反应强烈，从而导致更多的相互作用。相反，小的有效截面则表明目标与进入的中子不太可能发生相互作用。有效截面的概念不仅限于中子；它适用于所有类型的粒子，包括电子、质子和光子。每种类型的相互作用都有其特征性的有效截面值，这些值可能因能量水平、粒子类型和所涉及的具体材料而显著变化。科学家利用这些信息来设计实验、开发新技术，并增强我们对物质基本构建块的理解。此外，有效截面在各种应用中发挥着至关重要的作用。举例来说，在核反应堆中，了解不同材料的有效截面对于优化燃料使用和确保安全至关重要。在医学物理中，有效截面对于放射治疗至关重要，在这种情况下，需要精确计算以针对肿瘤，同时尽量减少对周围健康组织的损害。总之，有效截面的概念作为粒子相互作用研究的基石。通过提供相互作用概率的定量测量，它使物理学家能够对粒子在各种条件下的行为做出明智的预测。随着研究的不断推进，有效截面将继续成为揭开宇宙奥秘和开发影响我们日常生活的创新技术的重要工具。