diffractometry

简明释义

英[dɪˌfrækˈtɒmətri]美[dɪfrækˈtɔːmɪtri]

n. 衍射学；衍射测量

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Phase identification was performed by X-ray diffractometry (XRD).

薄膜的物相由X射线衍射(XRD)确定。

2.Phase identification is performed by X-ray diffractometry.

采用X射线衍射确定薄膜物相。

3.By means of optical microscopy, microhardness testing, X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the oxygen-diffusion zone was characterized in the present paper.

通过金相观察、显微硬度测试、x射线衍射(XRD)及扫描电镜(SEM)分析，研究了渗氧层的结构和性能。

4.The spontaneous strains and ferroelastic domain structures have been investigated by high resolution X ray diffractometry.

用高分辨X射线衍射术对自发应变及铁弹畴结构进行了研究。

5.The changes of granular appearance and crystal structure of starch after being kneaded were investigated by SEM, polarization microscope and X-ray diffractometry.

本文应用扫描电镜、X -光衍射和偏光显微等现代分析技术，观察和研究了不同取代度羟丙基淀粉和原淀粉的颗粒形貌及其结晶结构。

6.By means of optical microscopy, microhardness testing, X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the oxygen-diffusion zone was characterized in the present paper.

通过金相观察、显微硬度测试、x射线衍射(XRD)及扫描电镜(SEM)分析，研究了渗氧层的结构和性能。

7.Using diffractometry, scientists can determine the size and shape of nanoparticles.

通过使用衍射测量法，科学家可以确定纳米颗粒的大小和形状。

8.Advanced diffractometry techniques allow for real-time monitoring of material changes.

先进的衍射测量法技术允许实时监测材料变化。

9.The laboratory specializes in diffractometry for pharmaceutical applications.

该实验室专注于药物应用的衍射测量法。

10.The research team utilized diffractometry to analyze the crystal structure of the new material.

研究团队利用衍射测量法分析新材料的晶体结构。

11.In the field of geology, diffractometry is essential for studying mineral compositions.

在地质学领域，衍射测量法对于研究矿物成分至关重要。

作文

Diffraction is a phenomenon that occurs when waves encounter obstacles or openings. One of the most fascinating applications of this phenomenon is found in the field of science known as diffractometry, which involves measuring the way waves, particularly X-rays, scatter when they interact with materials. This technique provides valuable information about the structure and properties of various substances, making it an essential tool in fields such as materials science, chemistry, and biology. In this essay, we will explore the principles of diffractometry, its applications, and its significance in scientific research.The principle behind diffractometry lies in the wave nature of particles. When X-rays are directed at a crystalline material, they are scattered in specific directions based on the arrangement of atoms within the crystal lattice. By analyzing the angles and intensities of the scattered X-rays, scientists can deduce the spacing between planes of atoms in the crystal, allowing them to determine the material's structure. This process is governed by Bragg's Law, which states that constructive interference occurs when the path difference between waves scattered from different atomic planes is an integer multiple of the wavelength.One of the primary applications of diffractometry is in the identification and characterization of crystalline materials. For instance, in the pharmaceutical industry, the structure of drug compounds must be understood to ensure their efficacy and safety. By using diffractometry, researchers can identify the precise arrangement of atoms in a drug molecule, enabling them to optimize its design and improve its performance.Moreover, diffractometry is crucial in materials science for studying metals, ceramics, and polymers. The mechanical properties of these materials, such as strength and ductility, are closely related to their microstructure. By employing diffractometry, scientists can gain insights into how the arrangement of atoms affects the overall properties of a material. This knowledge is vital for developing new materials with tailored properties for specific applications, such as lightweight alloys for aerospace engineering or high-strength composites for construction.In addition to solid materials, diffractometry can also be applied to biological macromolecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids. Understanding the three-dimensional structure of these biomolecules is essential for elucidating their functions in biological processes. Techniques like X-ray crystallography, a form of diffractometry, have been instrumental in determining the structures of numerous proteins, leading to significant advancements in drug discovery and biotechnology.Furthermore, the advent of modern technology has greatly enhanced the capabilities of diffractometry. With the development of synchrotron radiation sources and advanced detectors, scientists can now perform high-resolution measurements that were previously unattainable. These advancements have opened new avenues for research, allowing for the exploration of complex materials and systems at unprecedented levels of detail.In conclusion, diffractometry is a powerful analytical technique that leverages the principles of wave diffraction to provide insights into the structure and properties of materials. Its applications span various fields, including pharmaceuticals, materials science, and biology, making it an indispensable tool in scientific research. As technology continues to evolve, the potential of diffractometry will only expand, paving the way for new discoveries and innovations that can benefit society as a whole.

衍射是当波遇到障碍物或开口时发生的一种现象。这个现象最迷人的应用之一可以在科学领域中找到，称为衍射测量法，它涉及测量波，特别是X射线，当它们与材料相互作用时散射的方式。这项技术提供了关于各种物质结构和性质的重要信息，使其成为材料科学、化学和生物学等领域的基本工具。在这篇文章中，我们将探讨衍射测量法的原理、应用及其在科学研究中的重要性。衍射测量法的原理源于粒子的波动性质。当X射线被指向晶体材料时，它们会根据晶格中原子的排列以特定的方向散射。通过分析散射X射线的角度和强度，科学家可以推导出晶体中原子平面之间的间距，从而确定材料的结构。这个过程由布拉格定律支配，该定律指出，当从不同原子平面散射的波之间的路径差是波长的整数倍时，会发生相干增强。衍射测量法的主要应用之一是在识别和表征晶体材料方面。例如，在制药行业，必须了解药物化合物的结构，以确保其有效性和安全性。通过使用衍射测量法，研究人员可以识别药物分子中原子的精确排列，使他们能够优化其设计并提高其性能。此外，衍射测量法在材料科学中对研究金属、陶瓷和聚合物至关重要。这些材料的机械性能，如强度和延展性，与其微观结构密切相关。通过采用衍射测量法，科学家可以深入了解原子的排列如何影响材料的整体性能。这一知识对于开发具有特定应用所需特性的全新材料至关重要，例如用于航空航天工程的轻质合金或用于建筑的高强度复合材料。除了固体材料，衍射测量法还可以应用于生物大分子，如蛋白质和核酸。理解这些生物大分子的三维结构对于阐明它们在生物过程中功能至关重要。像X射线晶体学这样的技术，属于衍射测量法，在确定众多蛋白质的结构方面发挥了重要作用，导致药物发现和生物技术的重大进展。此外，现代技术的发展极大增强了衍射测量法的能力。随着同步辐射源和先进探测器的发展，科学家现在可以进行以前无法实现的高分辨率测量。这些进步为研究打开了新的途径，使得在前所未有的细节水平上探索复杂的材料和系统成为可能。总之，衍射测量法是一种强大的分析技术，利用波衍射的原理提供有关材料结构和性质的见解。它的应用跨越多个领域，包括制药、材料科学和生物学，使其成为科学研究中不可或缺的工具。随着技术的不断发展，衍射测量法的潜力只会扩大，为新的发现和创新铺平道路，从而使整个社会受益。