coefficient of earth pressure

简明释义

土压力系数

英英释义

例句

1.The coefficient of earth pressure can vary based on soil type and moisture content.

根据土壤类型和水分含量，土压力系数可能会有所不同。

2.The engineer calculated the coefficient of earth pressure to design a stable retaining wall.

工程师计算了土压力系数以设计一个稳定的挡土墙。

3.The design specifications included the coefficient of earth pressure for safety calculations.

设计规范中包括了安全计算所需的土压力系数。

4.During the construction of the basement, we had to monitor the coefficient of earth pressure to avoid collapses.

在地下室的施工过程中，我们必须监测土压力系数以避免坍塌。

5.Understanding the coefficient of earth pressure is crucial for excavations in urban areas.

理解土压力系数对于城市地区的挖掘至关重要。

作文

The field of civil engineering encompasses a wide range of concepts, one of which is the coefficient of earth pressure. This term refers to the ratio that describes the relationship between the horizontal and vertical stresses in soil or other materials. Understanding this coefficient is crucial for engineers and architects when designing structures that need to withstand various loads and pressures from the earth around them.When considering the stability of a retaining wall, for instance, the coefficient of earth pressure plays a vital role. It helps in determining how much lateral force the wall must resist due to the weight of the soil behind it. There are two primary types of earth pressure coefficients: active and passive. The active earth pressure coefficient is used when the wall moves away from the soil, allowing the soil to expand, while the passive earth pressure coefficient is relevant when the wall moves towards the soil, compressing it.The calculations involved in determining these coefficients can be complex, often relying on the properties of the soil, such as its cohesion and angle of internal friction. Engineers typically use Rankine's theory or Coulomb's theory to calculate these coefficients. Rankine’s theory assumes that the backfill is level and that there is no cohesion in the soil, while Coulomb’s theory accounts for sloped backfills and cohesive soils.In practical applications, the coefficient of earth pressure is essential not only for retaining walls but also for deep foundations, basements, and other underground structures. For example, when constructing a basement, understanding the lateral earth pressures acting on the walls is critical to prevent structural failure. If these pressures are underestimated, it could lead to severe consequences, including wall buckling or even collapse.Moreover, the coefficient of earth pressure is influenced by various factors, including the type of soil, moisture content, and external loads such as vehicles or nearby structures. As such, engineers must conduct thorough geotechnical investigations to gather data about the soil conditions at a construction site. This information is vital for accurately calculating the coefficients and ensuring the safety and integrity of the structure.In summary, the coefficient of earth pressure is a fundamental concept in civil engineering that aids in the design and construction of safe structures. By understanding the interaction between soil and structures, engineers can make informed decisions that enhance the durability and stability of buildings and infrastructure. As we continue to develop more complex urban environments, the importance of mastering this concept will only grow, making it an essential topic for future engineers to study and understand thoroughly.

土木工程领域涵盖了许多概念，其中之一是土压力系数。这个术语指的是描述土壤或其他材料中水平应力与垂直应力之间关系的比率。理解这个系数对于工程师和建筑师在设计需要承受周围土壤各种荷载和压力的结构时至关重要。例如，在考虑挡土墙的稳定性时，土压力系数发挥着重要作用。它有助于确定墙体必须抵抗的来自后方土壤的侧向力。土压力系数主要分为两种类型：主动土压力系数和被动土压力系数。主动土压力系数用于墙体远离土壤移动时，允许土壤膨胀，而被动土压力系数则与墙体朝向土壤移动、压缩土壤相关。确定这些系数的计算可能很复杂，通常依赖于土壤的特性，如其内聚力和内摩擦角。工程师通常使用朗肯理论或库伦理论来计算这些系数。朗肯理论假设回填土是平坦的，并且土壤没有内聚力，而库伦理论则考虑到倾斜的回填土和粘性土。在实际应用中，土压力系数不仅对挡土墙至关重要，而且对深基础、地下室和其他地下结构也非常重要。例如，在建造地下室时，了解作用于墙体的侧向土压力对于防止结构失效至关重要。如果低估了这些压力，可能会导致严重后果，包括墙体弯曲甚至倒塌。此外，土压力系数还受到多种因素的影响，包括土壤类型、含水量以及外部荷载，如车辆或附近建筑物。因此，工程师必须进行彻底的岩土调查，以收集施工现场土壤条件的数据。这些信息对于准确计算系数并确保结构的安全性和完整性至关重要。总之，土压力系数是土木工程中的一个基本概念，有助于安全结构的设计和施工。通过理解土壤与结构之间的相互作用，工程师可以做出明智的决策，从而增强建筑物和基础设施的耐久性和稳定性。随着我们继续开发更复杂的城市环境，掌握这一概念的重要性只会增加，使其成为未来工程师必须深入研究和理解的主题。