scurvy

简明释义

英[ˈskɜːvi]美[ˈskɜːrvi]

n. 坏血病

adj. 卑鄙的，下流的；不中用的

比 较 级 s c u r v i e r

最 高 级 s c u r v i e s t

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Not eating enough of them can result in problems such as scurvy, dermatitis or dry, scaly skin.

维生素摄入不足能导致坏血病、皮肤炎或干燥、鳞状皮肤之类的问题。

2.That was a scurvy trick to play on an old lady.

欺负一个老太太，可真卑鄙。

3.Danish scurvy-grass has discovered a taste for motorway verges;

丹麦辣根菜发现自己对高速公路边缘情有独钟；

4.The tooth is thought to have been pulled in 1817 when he suffered from a mouth inflammation diagnosed as scurvy.

这颗牙齿很可能在1817年被拔下，当时拿破仑罹患了坏血病，而为口腔发炎所苦。

5.Lemon is known to have been used by the Romans as a treatment for stomach upsets and also as a breath freshener. The British Navy have also used it in the past to aid the prevention of scurvy.

柠檬曾被罗马人用来治疗消化不良和用作空气清新剂，过去英国海军曾用柠檬预防坏血病。

6.Blackthorne was famished and his mouth and body ached from the scurvy.

布莱克松早已经饥肠辘辘，经受着败血症的折磨，嘴巴干裂，身体疼痛。

7.People are imprisoned for years without trial, or shot in the back of the neck or sent to die of scurvy in Arctic lumber camps: this is called elimination of unreliable elements.

人们监禁多年却未接受审讯，或是遭受背后冷枪，又或是因坏血病被送去北极林木营等死，这就是所谓的消除不确定因素。

8.Captain James Cook had reached Australia’s east coast, and thanks to sauerkraut and citrus juice, he had lost none of his crew to scurvy.

多亏了腌菜和柠檬，詹姆斯库克船长才能达到澳大利亚的东海岸，没有一个船员得坏血病。

9.Deficiencies in certain organic chemicals can cause mental retardation in babies, rickets, beriberi, blindness, scurvy and many other diseases.

缺乏某些有机化合物，能引起婴儿智力迟钝、佝偻病、脚气病、失明、坏血病和其它许多疾病。

10.The sailors suffered from scurvy due to a lack of fresh fruits and vegetables during their long voyage.

由于在漫长的航行中缺乏新鲜水果和蔬菜，水手们遭受了坏血病。

11.During the expedition, the team faced challenges with scurvy as they ran out of fresh produce.

在探险过程中，由于新鲜农产品耗尽，团队面临着坏血病的挑战。

12.A diet lacking in vitamin C can lead to scurvy if not addressed promptly.

如果不及时解决，缺乏维生素C的饮食可能导致坏血病。

13.In the 18th century, many navies implemented lemon juice rations to prevent scurvy among their crews.

在18世纪，许多海军实施了柠檬汁配给，以防止船员患上坏血病。

14.Symptoms of scurvy include fatigue, swollen gums, and joint pain.

缺乏坏血病的症状包括疲劳、肿胀的牙龈和关节疼痛。

作文

Scurvy is a disease that has plagued sailors and explorers for centuries, primarily due to a deficiency of vitamin C. This condition was particularly common during the Age of Exploration when long sea voyages left sailors without fresh fruits and vegetables. The symptoms of scurvy (坏血病) include fatigue, swollen gums, joint pain, and anemia, which can severely impact an individual's health and ability to function effectively. Understanding the history and implications of scurvy is crucial not only for historical knowledge but also for recognizing the importance of nutrition in our daily lives.Historically, scurvy was a death sentence for many sailors. During long voyages, ships were stocked with non-perishable foods like hardtack and salted meat, which lacked essential nutrients. As weeks turned into months at sea, the lack of vitamin C began to take its toll. Sailors would often develop painful symptoms, leading to a decline in morale and productivity. It wasn't until the 18th century that British naval surgeon James Lind conducted experiments that demonstrated the effectiveness of citrus fruits in preventing scurvy (坏血病). His findings led to the British Navy adopting lemon and lime rations for sailors, significantly reducing the incidence of this debilitating disease.The significance of Lind's discovery extends beyond maritime history; it highlights the critical role of vitamins in human health. In modern society, while scurvy is rare due to the availability of fruits and vegetables, it serves as a reminder of the consequences of poor nutrition. Many people today still struggle with dietary deficiencies, albeit in different forms. For instance, a diet lacking in fruits and vegetables can lead to various health issues, including weakened immune systems and chronic illnesses.Moreover, scurvy (坏血病) can also be seen as a metaphor for neglecting one's health. Just as sailors ignored the importance of fresh produce, many individuals today overlook the necessity of a balanced diet. The fast-paced lifestyle and convenience of processed foods often lead to poor nutritional choices. This negligence can result in a range of health problems, from obesity to diabetes, emphasizing the need for public awareness about nutrition.Education about the importance of vitamins, particularly vitamin C, is essential in preventing conditions like scurvy. Schools and healthcare providers should promote healthy eating habits and provide information on the benefits of consuming fruits and vegetables. By incorporating lessons about nutrition into education systems, we can foster a generation that values health and well-being.In conclusion, scurvy (坏血病) is more than just a historical ailment; it represents the critical importance of nutrition in our lives. While modern advancements have made it less common, the lessons learned from the past remain relevant today. We must prioritize our health by ensuring we consume a balanced diet rich in essential vitamins. By doing so, we can prevent not only scurvy but also a myriad of other health issues that arise from poor nutrition. Let us remember the sailors of the past and their struggles, using their experiences as a guide to maintain our health in the present.

坏血病是一种困扰水手和探险者数个世纪的疾病，主要是由于缺乏维生素C。这种情况在探索时代尤其常见，当时长时间的海上航行使水手无法获得新鲜的水果和蔬菜。坏血病的症状包括疲劳、肿胀的牙龈、关节疼痛和贫血，这可能严重影响一个人的健康和有效功能。理解坏血病的历史和影响不仅对历史知识至关重要，而且还让我们认识到营养在日常生活中的重要性。在历史上，坏血病曾是许多水手的死刑。在长途航行中，船只通常储存耐储存的食物，如硬饼干和盐腌肉，这些食物缺乏必需的营养素。随着几周变成几个月在海上，缺乏维生素C开始产生影响。水手们经常会出现痛苦的症状，导致士气和生产力下降。直到18世纪，英国海军外科医生詹姆斯·林德进行实验，证明柑橘类水果在预防坏血病方面的有效性。他的发现使得英国海军为水手提供柠檬和青柠的配给，显著减少了这种削弱疾病的发生。林德发现的重要性不仅限于海洋历史；它突显了维生素在人类健康中的关键作用。在现代社会，虽然由于水果和蔬菜的普遍可用性，坏血病较为罕见，但它提醒我们营养不良的后果。许多人今天仍然面临饮食缺乏的问题，尽管形式不同。例如，缺乏水果和蔬菜的饮食可能导致各种健康问题，包括免疫系统减弱和慢性疾病。此外，坏血病也可以被视为忽视自身健康的隐喻。正如水手们忽视了新鲜农产品的重要性，许多人今天也忽视了均衡饮食的必要性。快节奏的生活方式和加工食品的便利性往往导致糟糕的营养选择。这种忽视可能导致一系列健康问题，从肥胖到糖尿病，强调了公众对营养的意识需求。关于维生素，特别是维生素C的重要性的教育，对于预防像坏血病这样的疾病至关重要。学校和医疗提供者应促进健康饮食习惯，并提供有关摄入水果和蔬菜益处的信息。通过将营养课程纳入教育体系，我们可以培养出重视健康和幸福的一代。总之，坏血病不仅仅是一种历史疾病；它代表了营养在我们生活中的关键重要性。虽然现代进步使其不那么常见，但从过去学到的教训在今天仍然具有相关性。我们必须通过确保摄入富含必需维生素的均衡饮食来优先考虑我们的健康。通过这样做，我们不仅可以预防坏血病，还可以预防因营养不良而产生的众多健康问题。让我们记住过去的水手及其斗争，以他们的经历作为我们保持健康的指南。