central plan

简明释义

中心规划

英英释义

例句

1.In our project, we need to establish a central plan for resource allocation.

在我们的项目中，我们需要建立一个中央计划来分配资源。

2.The success of the initiative depended on the effectiveness of the central plan.

该倡议的成功取决于中央计划的有效性。

3.The central plan for urban development focuses on sustainable practices.

城市发展的中央计划专注于可持续实践。

4.The government implemented a new central plan to boost economic growth.

政府实施了一项新的中央计划以促进经济增长。

5.During the meeting, the team discussed the importance of having a clear central plan.

在会议上，团队讨论了拥有清晰的中央计划的重要性。

作文

In the realm of economics and governance, the concept of a central plan plays a crucial role in shaping policies and guiding development. A central plan refers to a comprehensive framework established by the government or a central authority to direct economic activities and allocate resources effectively. This approach is often associated with command economies, where the state takes an active role in controlling production, distribution, and pricing of goods and services. One of the most notable examples of a central plan can be observed in the former Soviet Union, where the government designed detailed plans for various sectors of the economy, aiming to achieve specific targets within predetermined timelines.The advantages of implementing a central plan are manifold. Firstly, it allows for coordinated efforts in achieving national goals, such as rapid industrialization or infrastructure development. By having a unified strategy, resources can be allocated more efficiently, minimizing waste and redundancy. For instance, during the post-World War II era, many countries adopted central plans to rebuild their economies, facilitating growth and modernization.However, despite its benefits, a central plan also has significant drawbacks. One major criticism is that it can lead to inefficiencies and a lack of responsiveness to market demands. When decisions are made at the top level without considering local conditions or consumer preferences, it may result in mismatches between supply and demand. Additionally, a rigid central plan can stifle innovation and entrepreneurship, as individuals may feel discouraged from pursuing new ideas that fall outside the scope of the established framework.Moreover, the implementation of a central plan often requires extensive bureaucratic structures, which can become cumbersome and slow to adapt to changing circumstances. In many cases, this bureaucracy can lead to corruption and mismanagement, undermining the very objectives that the central plan was designed to achieve.In contrast to central plans, market-oriented economies emphasize the role of supply and demand in determining the allocation of resources. This approach fosters competition and innovation, allowing businesses to respond swiftly to consumer needs. Countries like the United States and those in Western Europe have largely moved away from central planning towards more market-driven strategies, recognizing the limitations of rigid governmental control.Nevertheless, some argue that a balanced approach that incorporates elements of both central planning and market mechanisms could yield the best results. For instance, during times of crisis, such as natural disasters or economic downturns, a central plan may be necessary to mobilize resources quickly and effectively. Governments can step in to provide support and ensure stability while still allowing for market forces to operate in normal circumstances.In conclusion, the concept of a central plan is a complex and multifaceted issue that continues to spark debate among economists and policymakers. While it offers a structured approach to achieving national objectives, it also poses challenges that can hinder economic flexibility and innovation. Ultimately, the effectiveness of a central plan depends on the context in which it is applied and the ability of the governing body to adapt and respond to the dynamic nature of the economy.

在经济和治理领域，中央计划的概念在塑造政策和指导发展方面发挥着至关重要的作用。中央计划是指由政府或中央权威机构建立的全面框架，用于有效地指导经济活动和分配资源。这种方法通常与指令型经济体相关，在这种经济体中，国家积极控制商品和服务的生产、分配和定价。一个最显著的例子是前苏联，在那里，政府为各个经济部门设计了详细的计划，旨在在预定的时间内实现特定目标。实施中央计划的优点是多方面的。首先，它允许在实现国家目标（如快速工业化或基础设施开发）方面进行协调努力。通过拥有统一的战略，可以更有效地分配资源，从而最大限度地减少浪费和冗余。例如，在第二次世界大战后，许多国家采用了中央计划来重建经济，促进了增长和现代化。然而，尽管有其好处，中央计划也存在显著的缺点。一个主要的批评是，它可能导致低效率和对市场需求缺乏响应。当决策在顶层做出，而不考虑地方条件或消费者偏好时，可能会导致供需之间的不匹配。此外，僵化的中央计划可能会扼杀创新和创业精神，因为个人可能会因为追求超出既定框架的新想法而感到沮丧。此外，实施中央计划通常需要广泛的官僚机构，这可能变得繁琐且难以适应变化的情况。在许多情况下，这种官僚主义可能导致腐败和管理不善，从而削弱了中央计划旨在实现的目标。与中央计划相对的是，以市场为导向的经济强调供求在资源分配中的作用。这种方法促进了竞争和创新，使企业能够迅速响应消费者的需求。像美国和西欧国家这样的国家在很大程度上已经从中央计划转向了更市场驱动的策略，认识到刚性的政府控制的局限性。尽管如此，一些人认为，结合中央计划和市场机制的平衡方法可能会产生最佳结果。例如，在危机时期，如自然灾害或经济衰退，中央计划可能是必要的，以快速有效地动员资源。政府可以介入提供支持，确保稳定，同时仍然允许市场力量在正常情况下运作。总之，中央计划的概念是一个复杂而多面的议题，继续在经济学家和政策制定者中引发辩论。虽然它提供了一种实现国家目标的结构化方法，但它也带来了可能阻碍经济灵活性和创新的挑战。最终，中央计划的有效性取决于其应用的上下文以及治理机构适应和响应经济动态变化的能力。