active earth pressure

简明释义

织土压力

英英释义

例句

1.During excavation, it is crucial to monitor active earth pressure 主动土压力 to avoid collapses.

在挖掘过程中，监测主动土压力至关重要，以避免坍塌。

2.The design of retaining walls must account for active earth pressure 主动土压力 to ensure stability.

挡土墙的设计必须考虑主动土压力以确保其稳定性。

3.Computational models help predict active earth pressure 主动土压力 under various loading conditions.

计算模型有助于预测在不同荷载条件下的主动土压力。

4.The soil type can significantly influence the magnitude of active earth pressure 主动土压力 in a given area.

土壤类型可以显著影响某一地区主动土压力的大小。

5.Engineers calculate active earth pressure 主动土压力 to determine the forces acting on underground structures.

工程师计算主动土压力以确定作用于地下结构的力。

作文

Understanding the concept of active earth pressure is essential for engineers and architects involved in the design of structures that interact with soil. Active earth pressure refers to the lateral pressure exerted by soil on a retaining structure when the soil is allowed to expand and move. This condition typically occurs when the wall moves away from the soil, allowing the soil particles to rearrange themselves into a more stable configuration. The analysis of active earth pressure is crucial in ensuring the stability and safety of various structures such as retaining walls, basements, and other underground facilities.The concept of active earth pressure is grounded in the principles of soil mechanics and is primarily described by Rankine's Earth Pressure Theory. According to this theory, the active earth pressure can be calculated using the formula: P_a = γ * H * K_a, where P_a is the active earth pressure, γ is the unit weight of the soil, H is the height of the wall, and K_a is the coefficient of active earth pressure. This coefficient depends on the angle of internal friction of the soil and the angle of the wall.In practical terms, understanding active earth pressure helps engineers determine the appropriate thickness and reinforcement needed for retaining walls. If the pressure is underestimated, it could lead to structural failure, resulting in costly repairs and potential hazards. Conversely, overestimating active earth pressure can lead to unnecessarily robust designs, increasing construction costs without improving safety.There are several factors that influence active earth pressure. These include soil type, moisture content, wall friction, and surcharge loads from structures above the retaining wall. For instance, cohesive soils may exhibit different active earth pressure characteristics compared to granular soils due to their unique properties. Additionally, the presence of water can significantly affect the effective stress in the soil, thereby altering the active earth pressure calculations.Moreover, the understanding of active earth pressure is not only limited to static conditions but also extends to dynamic situations, such as during earthquakes. Engineers must consider how seismic forces can change the distribution of earth pressures acting on retaining walls. In such cases, the active earth pressure may increase due to the inertia of the soil mass, necessitating additional safety measures in the design process.In conclusion, the study of active earth pressure is a fundamental aspect of geotechnical engineering. It plays a critical role in the safe design and construction of retaining structures. By accurately assessing the active earth pressure, engineers can ensure the longevity and safety of their projects, ultimately contributing to the overall efficiency and reliability of civil engineering practices. Understanding this concept empowers professionals to create structures that can withstand the natural forces of the environment while maintaining safety and functionality.

理解主动土压力的概念对于参与与土壤相互作用的结构设计的工程师和建筑师至关重要。主动土压力是指当土壤被允许扩展和移动时，土壤对支护结构施加的侧向压力。这种情况通常发生在墙体远离土壤移动时，使土壤颗粒重新排列成更稳定的配置。分析主动土压力对于确保各种结构（如挡土墙、地下室和其他地下设施）的稳定性和安全性至关重要。主动土压力的概念基于土壤力学的原理，主要由Rankine土压力理论描述。根据该理论，主动土压力可以使用以下公式计算：P_a = γ * H * K_a，其中P_a是主动土压力，γ是土壤的单位重量，H是墙的高度，K_a是主动土压力系数。该系数取决于土壤的内摩擦角和墙的角度。在实际应用中，理解主动土压力有助于工程师确定挡土墙所需的适当厚度和加固。如果低估了压力，可能导致结构失效，从而造成昂贵的维修费用和潜在的危险。相反，过高估计主动土压力可能导致设计过于坚固，增加建设成本而不提高安全性。有几个因素影响主动土压力。这些因素包括土壤类型、含水量、墙体摩擦和来自支护墙上方结构的超载。例如，由于其独特的性质，粘性土壤可能表现出与颗粒土壤不同的主动土压力特征。此外，水的存在会显著影响土壤中的有效应力，从而改变主动土压力的计算。此外，对主动土压力的理解不仅限于静态条件，还扩展到动态情况，例如在地震期间。工程师必须考虑地震力如何改变作用在挡土墙上的土压力分布。在这种情况下，由于土壤质量的惯性，主动土压力可能会增加，因此在设计过程中需要采取额外的安全措施。总之，研究主动土压力是岩土工程的基本方面。它在支护结构的安全设计和施工中起着关键作用。通过准确评估主动土压力，工程师可以确保其项目的持久性和安全性，最终为土木工程实践的整体效率和可靠性做出贡献。理解这一概念使专业人士能够创建能够承受环境自然力量的结构，同时保持安全性和功能性。