absolute viscosity

简明释义

绝对粘度

英英释义

例句

1.The measurement of absolute viscosity is crucial in determining the flow behavior of liquids in industrial processes.

测量绝对粘度对于确定工业过程中液体的流动行为至关重要。

2.Engineers often analyze the absolute viscosity of lubricants to ensure optimal performance.

工程师通常分析润滑剂的绝对粘度以确保最佳性能。

3.During the experiment, we recorded the absolute viscosity of the polymer solution at various temperatures.

在实验中，我们记录了不同温度下聚合物溶液的绝对粘度。

4.In food processing, the absolute viscosity of sauces can affect their pourability and texture.

在食品加工中，酱汁的绝对粘度会影响其流动性和质地。

5.A higher absolute viscosity typically indicates a thicker fluid, which can influence mixing times.

较高的绝对粘度通常表示流体更稠，这可能会影响混合时间。

作文

Viscosity is a fundamental property of fluids that describes their resistance to flow. In the study of fluid mechanics, it is essential to understand various types of viscosity, one of which is absolute viscosity. 绝对粘度, also known as dynamic viscosity, is a measure of a fluid's internal friction and is defined as the ratio of shear stress to shear rate. This property is crucial in determining how fluids behave under different conditions, such as in pipelines, during mixing processes, or when subjected to external forces.To better comprehend absolute viscosity, we must first grasp the concept of viscosity in general. Viscosity can be thought of as the thickness or stickiness of a fluid. For example, honey has a higher viscosity than water; it flows more slowly due to its thicker consistency. The measurement of viscosity is vital in various industries, including food production, pharmaceuticals, and oil and gas, where fluid dynamics plays a significant role.The unit of measurement for absolute viscosity is typically the pascal-second (Pa·s) in the International System of Units (SI), although it can also be expressed in poise (P), where 1 P = 0.1 Pa·s. Understanding these units is important for scientists and engineers when they analyze fluid behavior in practical applications. For instance, in the oil industry, knowing the absolute viscosity of crude oil can help in designing pipelines and optimizing the extraction process.One interesting aspect of absolute viscosity is how it varies with temperature. As the temperature increases, most liquids experience a decrease in viscosity, meaning they flow more easily. Conversely, cooling a liquid generally increases its viscosity. This relationship is critical when considering processes like heating oil before pumping it through pipelines to reduce resistance and improve flow rates.Moreover, absolute viscosity plays a significant role in the characterization of non-Newtonian fluids—those whose viscosity changes with the applied shear rate. These fluids do not have a constant viscosity and can exhibit behaviors such as shear thinning or thickening. A common example includes ketchup, which becomes less viscous when shaken or squeezed, allowing it to flow more freely.In engineering applications, the knowledge of absolute viscosity is vital for designing equipment and processes. For example, in the design of reactors, understanding the flow characteristics of the reactants can influence the efficiency of chemical reactions. Additionally, in the field of lubrication, the absolute viscosity of oils determines their effectiveness in reducing friction between moving parts, which is crucial for machinery longevity.In conclusion, absolute viscosity is a key parameter in fluid mechanics that provides insight into the flow behavior of liquids. Its significance spans multiple industries, from manufacturing to energy production, making it an essential concept for engineers and scientists alike. By understanding absolute viscosity, we can better predict how fluids will behave under various conditions and optimize processes accordingly. Therefore, further research and experimentation regarding this property will continue to enhance our ability to manipulate fluids effectively in both natural and industrial settings.

粘度是流体的一个基本属性，描述了它们对流动的抵抗力。在流体力学的研究中，理解各种类型的粘度至关重要，其中之一就是绝对粘度。绝对粘度，也称为动态粘度，是流体内部摩擦的测量，定义为剪切应力与剪切速率的比率。这一属性对于确定流体在不同条件下的行为至关重要，例如在管道中、混合过程中的表现，或在外力作用下的反应。为了更好地理解绝对粘度，我们首先必须掌握粘度的一般概念。粘度可以被视为流体的厚度或粘稠度。例如，蜂蜜的粘度高于水；由于其较厚的稠度，它流动得更慢。粘度的测量在多个行业中至关重要，包括食品生产、制药和石油天然气等行业，在这些领域，流体动力学起着重要作用。绝对粘度的测量单位通常是国际单位制（SI）中的帕斯卡·秒（Pa·s），尽管它也可以用泊（P）表示，其中1 P = 0.1 Pa·s。了解这些单位对于科学家和工程师在分析流体行为时是非常重要的。例如，在石油行业，了解原油的绝对粘度有助于设计管道并优化提取过程。绝对粘度的一个有趣方面是它如何随温度变化而变化。随着温度的升高，大多数液体的粘度会降低，这意味着它们更容易流动。相反，冷却液体通常会增加其粘度。这种关系在考虑诸如加热油以减少阻力和提高流速的过程时至关重要。此外，绝对粘度在非牛顿流体的表征中也扮演着重要角色——这些流体的粘度随施加的剪切速率而变化。这些流体没有恒定的粘度，可能表现出剪切稀化或增稠的行为。一个常见的例子是番茄酱，当摇晃或挤压时，它的粘度变得更低，从而允许它更自由地流动。在工程应用中，了解绝对粘度对于设计设备和过程至关重要。例如，在反应器的设计中，了解反应物的流动特性可以影响化学反应的效率。此外，在润滑领域，油的绝对粘度决定了它们在减少运动部件之间摩擦的有效性，这对机器的使用寿命至关重要。总之，绝对粘度是流体力学中的一个关键参数，为我们提供了液体流动行为的洞察。它的重要性跨越多个行业，从制造到能源生产，使其成为工程师和科学家们共同关注的基本概念。通过理解绝对粘度，我们可以更好地预测流体在各种条件下的行为，并相应地优化过程。因此，进一步研究和实验这种属性将继续增强我们有效操控流体的能力，无论是在自然环境还是工业设置中。