solid solution

简明释义

固溶体

英英释义

例句

1.Copper and nickel form a solid solution at various concentrations.

铜和镍在不同浓度下形成固体溶液。

2.The chemist explained how a solid solution forms when two metals are mixed.

化学家解释了当两种金属混合时如何形成固体溶液。

3.When studying phase diagrams, understanding solid solutions is crucial.

在研究相图时，理解固体溶液是至关重要的。

4.The alloy we created is a perfect example of a solid solution.

我们创造的合金是一个完美的固体溶液例子。

5.In metallurgy, a solid solution can enhance the strength of metals.

在冶金学中，固体溶液可以增强金属的强度。

作文

In the field of materials science, the term solid solution refers to a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in a solid state. This phenomenon occurs when one element is dissolved into another, creating a single-phase material with altered properties. The concept of solid solution is fundamental in understanding how different metals and alloys behave under various conditions. For example, when copper and nickel are combined, they form a solid solution that exhibits improved strength and corrosion resistance compared to its individual components.The formation of a solid solution can significantly impact the physical and mechanical properties of materials. In metallurgy, this principle is applied to develop high-performance alloys used in aerospace, automotive, and construction industries. By controlling the composition of a solid solution, engineers can tailor the properties of the material to meet specific requirements, such as increased hardness or enhanced ductility.One of the key factors influencing the formation of a solid solution is the size and electronegativity of the atoms involved. Generally, for a successful solid solution to form, the solute (the substance being dissolved) must have similar atomic size and bonding characteristics to the solvent (the substance doing the dissolving). This relationship is often described by Hume-Rothery rules, which provide guidelines on the solubility of one metal in another based on their atomic radii, crystal structure, and valency.The ability to create a solid solution opens up a wide range of possibilities for innovation in material design. For instance, researchers are constantly exploring new combinations of metals to develop superalloys that can withstand extreme temperatures and pressures. These advanced materials are crucial for the efficiency and safety of modern jet engines and gas turbines.Moreover, the study of solid solutions extends beyond metals. In ceramics and polymers, the principles of solid solution formation play a vital role in enhancing the performance of these materials. For example, incorporating small amounts of dopants into ceramics can improve their electrical conductivity, making them suitable for applications in electronics and energy storage.In conclusion, the concept of solid solution is essential for advancing our understanding of material properties and engineering new compounds with desired characteristics. As technology continues to evolve, the exploration of solid solution systems will undoubtedly lead to groundbreaking discoveries and innovations in various fields. By harnessing the unique advantages offered by solid solutions, scientists and engineers can push the boundaries of what is possible in material science and engineering, ultimately contributing to a more sustainable and efficient future.

在材料科学领域，术语固溶体指的是两种或多种物质在固态下的均匀混合物。这种现象发生在一种元素溶解到另一种元素中，形成具有改变性质的单相材料。固溶体的概念对于理解不同金属和合金在各种条件下的行为至关重要。例如，当铜和镍结合时，它们形成的固溶体相比于其单独成分，表现出更好的强度和耐腐蚀性。固溶体的形成可以显著影响材料的物理和机械性质。在冶金学中，这一原理被应用于开发用于航空航天、汽车和建筑行业的高性能合金。通过控制固溶体的成分，工程师可以根据特定要求量身定制材料的性质，例如增加硬度或增强延展性。影响固溶体形成的关键因素之一是所涉及原子的大小和电负性。通常，为了成功形成固溶体，溶质（被溶解的物质）必须与溶剂（进行溶解的物质）具有相似的原子大小和键合特性。这种关系通常通过Hume-Rothery规则来描述，该规则提供了关于一种金属在另一种金属中溶解度的指导，基于它们的原子半径、晶体结构和价态。创造固溶体的能力为材料设计的创新开辟了广泛的可能性。例如，研究人员不断探索新的金属组合，以开发能够承受极端温度和压力的超级合金。这些先进材料对于现代喷气发动机和燃气涡轮的效率和安全性至关重要。此外，固溶体的研究不仅限于金属。在陶瓷和聚合物中，固溶体形成的原理在提升这些材料的性能方面发挥着重要作用。例如，将少量掺杂物加入陶瓷中可以提高其电导率，使其适用于电子和储能应用。总之，固溶体的概念对于推进我们对材料性质的理解和工程新化合物的开发至关重要。随着技术的不断发展，对固溶体系统的探索无疑会导致各个领域的突破性发现和创新。通过利用固溶体所提供的独特优势，科学家和工程师可以推动材料科学和工程领域的可能性界限，最终为一个更可持续和高效的未来做出贡献。