orbital electron

简明释义

轨道电子

英英释义

例句

1.The energy levels of an atom are determined by the arrangement of its orbital electrons.

一个原子的能级由其轨道电子的排列决定。

2.In chemistry, the behavior of orbital electrons is crucial for understanding bonding.

在化学中，理解结合的关键在于轨道电子的行为。

3.The concept of orbital electrons helps explain why elements have different chemical properties.

轨道电子的概念有助于解释为什么元素具有不同的化学性质。

4.When an atom absorbs energy, its orbital electrons can move to a higher energy level.

当一个原子吸收能量时，其轨道电子可以移动到更高的能级。

5.Quantum mechanics describes the position and energy of orbital electrons in terms of probabilities.

量子力学通过概率来描述轨道电子的位置和能量。

作文

The concept of an orbital electron (轨道电子) is fundamental in the field of chemistry and physics, as it explains how electrons are arranged around the nucleus of an atom. Electrons, which carry a negative charge, occupy specific regions in space known as orbitals. These orbitals can be thought of as clouds where there is a high probability of finding an electron. Understanding orbital electrons (轨道电子) allows scientists to predict how atoms will interact with one another, which is crucial for the formation of molecules and chemical reactions.In an atom, electrons are not simply floating around the nucleus; instead, they exist in discrete energy levels. Each energy level can hold a certain number of electrons, and within these levels are sublevels that correspond to different shapes of orbitals: s, p, d, and f. The orbital electrons (轨道电子) in the outermost shell, also known as valence electrons, play a significant role in determining the chemical properties of an element. For instance, elements with the same number of valence electrons often exhibit similar reactivity.The arrangement of orbital electrons (轨道电子) is described by quantum mechanics, which provides a mathematical framework for understanding their behavior. According to the Pauli exclusion principle, no two electrons can have the same set of quantum numbers. This principle ensures that each orbital electron (轨道电子) occupies its own unique state within an atom. Additionally, Hund's rule states that electrons will fill degenerate orbitals singly before pairing up, which helps to minimize repulsion between negatively charged electrons.When atoms bond to form molecules, it is primarily the orbital electrons (轨道电子) that are involved in the bonding process. In covalent bonds, atoms share pairs of orbital electrons (轨道电子), while in ionic bonds, electrons are transferred from one atom to another, resulting in charged ions. The behavior of orbital electrons (轨道电子) during these interactions is what gives rise to the diverse range of chemical compounds found in nature.Moreover, the study of orbital electrons (轨道电子) extends beyond basic chemistry and into advanced fields such as materials science and nanotechnology. Researchers are continually exploring how the arrangement and behavior of orbital electrons (轨道电子) can influence the properties of new materials, leading to innovations in electronics, energy storage, and even pharmaceuticals.In summary, the term orbital electron (轨道电子) encompasses a critical aspect of atomic structure and chemical behavior. By delving into the world of orbital electrons (轨道电子), we gain insights into the fundamental principles that govern matter and its interactions. As we continue to explore this fascinating area of science, we unlock the potential for new discoveries that can transform our understanding of the universe and improve our technological capabilities.

“轨道电子”这一概念在化学和物理领域中至关重要，因为它解释了电子如何围绕原子核排列。电子带有负电荷，位于称为轨道的特定空间区域内。这些轨道可以被视为云，在这些云中找到电子的概率很高。理解“轨道电子”使科学家能够预测原子之间的相互作用，这对于分子和化学反应的形成至关重要。在一个原子中，电子并不是简单地漂浮在核周围；相反，它们存在于离散的能级中。每个能级可以容纳一定数量的电子，而在这些能级内，有对应不同轨道形状的亚层：s、p、d和f。最外层的“轨道电子”被称为价电子，在决定元素的化学性质方面起着重要作用。例如，具有相同数量价电子的元素通常表现出相似的反应性。“轨道电子”的排列由量子力学描述，量子力学为理解其行为提供了数学框架。根据泡利不相容原理，两个电子不能具有相同的一组量子数。这个原则确保每个“轨道电子”占据原子内其独特的状态。此外，洪德规则指出，电子将在简并轨道中单独填充，然后再配对，帮助最小化带负电的电子之间的排斥。当原子结合形成分子时，主要涉及“轨道电子”的是结合过程。在共价键中，原子共享成对的“轨道电子”；而在离子键中，电子从一个原子转移到另一个原子，形成带电离子。这些相互作用中“轨道电子”的行为导致自然界中多种多样的化合物的产生。此外，“轨道电子”的研究超越了基础化学，进入材料科学和纳米技术等高级领域。研究人员不断探索“轨道电子”的排列和行为如何影响新材料的性质，从而推动电子、电池存储甚至制药等领域的创新。总之，“轨道电子”这一术语涵盖了原子结构和化学行为的重要方面。通过深入探讨“轨道电子”，我们获得了关于支配物质及其相互作用的基本原理的见解。随着我们继续探索这一迷人的科学领域，我们将开启新的发现潜力，改变我们对宇宙的理解，并提高我们的技术能力。