neutron activation analysis

简明释义

中子激活分析

英英释义

例句

1.By employing neutron activation analysis, the researchers were able to identify contaminants in the water supply.

通过采用中子激活分析，研究人员能够识别水源中的污染物。

2.The forensic team utilized neutron activation analysis to analyze the composition of the paint on the evidence.

法医团队利用中子激活分析来分析证据上油漆的成分。

3.The pharmaceutical company applied neutron activation analysis to ensure the quality of their raw materials.

制药公司应用中子激活分析来确保原材料的质量。

4.The laboratory used neutron activation analysis to determine the trace elements in the soil samples.

实验室使用中子激活分析来确定土壤样本中的微量元素。

5.In archaeology, neutron activation analysis helps in sourcing ancient artifacts by revealing their elemental makeup.

在考古学中，中子激活分析通过揭示古代文物的元素组成来帮助追溯其来源。

作文

Neutron activation analysis (NAA) is a highly sensitive analytical technique used to determine the composition of materials. This method involves irradiating a sample with neutrons, which causes the elements within the sample to become radioactive. When these radioactive isotopes decay, they emit gamma rays, which can be measured to identify and quantify the elements present in the sample. The ability of neutron activation analysis to detect trace elements makes it invaluable in various fields such as archaeology, environmental science, and forensic science. One of the key advantages of neutron activation analysis is its non-destructive nature. Unlike other analytical methods that may alter or destroy the sample being analyzed, NAA allows for the preservation of the original material. This is particularly important in fields like archaeology, where artifacts must be preserved for historical study. For instance, when analyzing ancient pottery, NAA can provide insights into the materials used by past civilizations without damaging the artifacts themselves.In environmental science, neutron activation analysis is used to detect pollutants and trace elements in soil, water, and air samples. By identifying the presence of harmful substances, researchers can assess environmental health and make informed decisions regarding pollution control and remediation strategies. The precision of NAA ensures that even minute concentrations of toxic elements can be detected, contributing to better environmental monitoring.Forensic science also benefits significantly from neutron activation analysis. In criminal investigations, NAA can analyze gunshot residue, hair, and other trace evidence to link suspects to crime scenes. The ability to identify specific elements and their concentrations helps forensic scientists build strong cases based on scientific evidence. This application underscores the importance of NAA in the pursuit of justice, demonstrating how advanced analytical techniques can aid in solving crimes.Despite its many advantages, neutron activation analysis does come with some challenges. The requirement for a neutron source means that specialized facilities are needed to conduct NAA, which can limit its accessibility. Additionally, the interpretation of gamma-ray spectra requires skilled professionals, as the data can be complex and requires careful analysis to draw accurate conclusions. However, ongoing advancements in technology and training are helping to mitigate these challenges. As more laboratories adopt neutron activation analysis, the technique is becoming increasingly accessible to researchers across various disciplines. Furthermore, the development of automated systems for data analysis is streamlining the process, allowing for quicker and more accurate results.In conclusion, neutron activation analysis is a powerful analytical tool that provides valuable insights across multiple fields. Its non-destructive nature, high sensitivity, and ability to detect trace elements make it an essential technique in archaeology, environmental science, and forensic science. While there are challenges associated with its use, the benefits of NAA far outweigh these obstacles. As research continues to evolve, the applications of neutron activation analysis will likely expand, further enhancing our understanding of the world around us.

中子激活分析（NAA）是一种高度敏感的分析技术，用于确定材料的成分。这种方法涉及用中子照射样品，从而使样品中的元素变得放射性。当这些放射性同位素衰变时，它们会发出伽马射线，这些射线可以被测量以识别和定量样品中存在的元素。中子激活分析能够检测微量元素，使其在考古学、环境科学和法医学等多个领域中不可或缺。中子激活分析的一个主要优点是其非破坏性特征。与其他可能改变或破坏被分析样品的分析方法不同，NAA允许保留原始材料。这在考古学等领域尤为重要，因为文物必须被保留以供历史研究。例如，在分析古代陶器时，NAA可以提供关于过去文明所用材料的见解，而不会损坏文物本身。在环境科学中，中子激活分析用于检测土壤、水和空气样品中的污染物和微量元素。通过识别有害物质的存在，研究人员可以评估环境健康，并就污染控制和修复策略做出明智的决策。NAA的精确性确保即使是微量的有毒元素也能被检测到，为更好的环境监测做出贡献。法医学也从中子激活分析中受益匪浅。在刑事调查中，NAA可以分析枪击残留物、头发和其他微量证据，以将嫌疑人与犯罪现场联系起来。识别特定元素及其浓度的能力帮助法医科学家基于科学证据建立强有力的案件。这一应用突显了NAA在追求正义中的重要性，展示了先进分析技术如何有助于解决犯罪。尽管有许多优点，中子激活分析也面临一些挑战。对中子源的需求意味着需要专门的设施来进行NAA，这可能限制其可及性。此外，伽马射线谱的解释需要熟练的专业人员，因为数据可能复杂，需要仔细分析以得出准确的结论。然而，技术和培训的持续进步正在帮助缓解这些挑战。随着越来越多的实验室采用中子激活分析，该技术正变得越来越可及于各个学科的研究人员。此外，数据分析自动化系统的发展正在简化这一过程，允许更快速和更准确的结果。总之，中子激活分析是一种强大的分析工具，在多个领域提供了宝贵的见解。其非破坏性特征、高灵敏度和检测微量元素的能力使其成为考古学、环境科学和法医学中的重要技术。尽管在使用中存在挑战，但NAA的好处远远超过这些障碍。随着研究的不断发展，中子激活分析的应用可能会进一步扩大，进一步增强我们对周围世界的理解。