unit cell

简明释义

单元

英英释义

例句

1.A unit cell can be defined by its lattice parameters including edge lengths and angles.

单元格可以通过其晶格参数定义，包括边长和角度。

2.The dimensions of the unit cell can provide insights into how atoms are arranged in a solid.

在固体中，单元格的尺寸可以提供原子排列方式的洞察。

3.In crystallography, understanding the unit cell is crucial for identifying crystal systems.

在晶体学中，理解单元格对于识别晶体系统至关重要。

4.To determine the properties of a material, scientists often analyze its unit cell structure.

为了确定材料的性质，科学家们常常分析其单元格结构。

5.The basic repeating unit of a crystal lattice is known as the unit cell.

晶格的基本重复单元被称为单元格。

作文

In the realm of crystallography, the concept of a unit cell plays a pivotal role in understanding the structure of crystalline materials. A unit cell is defined as the smallest repeating unit that, when stacked together with identical units, forms the entire crystal lattice. This fundamental building block is essential for analyzing the properties and behaviors of various substances, including metals, minerals, and organic compounds.The significance of the unit cell lies in its ability to provide insights into the symmetry and arrangement of atoms within a crystal. Each unit cell is characterized by its lattice parameters, which include the lengths of its edges and the angles between them. These parameters dictate the overall geometry of the crystal and influence its physical properties, such as density, thermal conductivity, and optical characteristics.For instance, consider the common salt crystal, sodium chloride (NaCl). The unit cell of NaCl is cubic, with each corner of the cube occupied by a sodium ion (Na+) and a chloride ion (Cl-) at the center of the cube. This alternating arrangement of ions not only stabilizes the crystal structure but also contributes to its high melting point and solubility in water. By examining the unit cell, scientists can predict how the crystal will behave under different conditions, leading to practical applications in various fields, such as material science and chemistry.Moreover, the unit cell concept extends beyond simple ionic compounds. In metals, for example, the unit cell can take on different shapes, such as face-centered cubic (FCC) or body-centered cubic (BCC). These variations in structure significantly affect the mechanical properties of the metal, including strength, ductility, and hardness. Understanding the unit cell allows engineers and material scientists to tailor materials for specific applications, enhancing performance and durability.The study of unit cells is also crucial in the field of solid-state chemistry. Researchers utilize techniques like X-ray diffraction to determine the arrangement of atoms within a crystal by analyzing the pattern created when X-rays are scattered off the crystal lattice. The resulting data helps identify the unit cell dimensions and symmetry, providing valuable information about the material's composition and potential reactivity.In conclusion, the unit cell is an indispensable concept in the study of crystallography and material science. Its role as the fundamental building block of crystals enables scientists to decipher the complexities of atomic arrangements and predict the properties of various materials. As our understanding of unit cells continues to evolve, so too does our ability to manipulate materials for innovative applications in technology, medicine, and beyond. The exploration of unit cells not only deepens our comprehension of the natural world but also drives advancements that shape our future.

在晶体学领域，单位晶胞的概念在理解晶体材料的结构中起着关键作用。单位晶胞被定义为最小的重复单元，当相同的单元堆叠在一起时，形成整个晶体晶格。这个基本的构建块对于分析各种物质的性质和行为至关重要，包括金属、矿物和有机化合物。单位晶胞的重要性在于它能够提供有关晶体内原子对称性和排列的见解。每个单位晶胞都通过其晶格参数来表征，这些参数包括其边缘的长度和它们之间的角度。这些参数决定了晶体的整体几何形状，并影响其物理性质，如密度、热导率和光学特性。例如，考虑常见的盐晶体氯化钠（NaCl）。NaCl的单位晶胞是立方体的，每个立方体的角落被一个钠离子（Na+）占据，立方体的中心则是一个氯离子（Cl-）。这种离子的交替排列不仅稳定了晶体结构，还使其具有高熔点和良好的溶解性。通过研究单位晶胞，科学家可以预测晶体在不同条件下的行为，从而在材料科学和化学等多个领域中实现实际应用。此外，单位晶胞的概念超越了简单的离子化合物。在金属中，例如，单位晶胞可以呈现不同的形状，如面心立方（FCC）或体心立方（BCC）。这些结构上的变化显著影响金属的机械性能，包括强度、延展性和硬度。理解单位晶胞使工程师和材料科学家能够为特定应用量身定制材料，提高性能和耐用性。单位晶胞的研究在固态化学领域也至关重要。研究人员利用X射线衍射等技术，通过分析X射线散射在晶体晶格上产生的模式来确定晶体内原子的排列。由此产生的数据有助于识别单位晶胞的尺寸和对称性，提供有关材料成分和潜在反应性的有价值信息。总之，单位晶胞是晶体学和材料科学研究中不可或缺的概念。作为晶体的基本构建块，它使科学家能够解读原子排列的复杂性并预测各种材料的性质。随着我们对单位晶胞理解的不断深入，我们也能够为创新应用在技术、医学等领域操控材料。对单位晶胞的探索不仅加深了我们对自然世界的理解，也推动了塑造我们未来的进步。