index of refraction

简明释义

折射率

英英释义

例句

1.The index of refraction 折射率 can change with temperature, affecting how light bends through a medium.

温度变化会影响折射率，从而影响光在介质中的弯曲方式。

2.The index of refraction 折射率 of glass varies depending on its composition, affecting its optical properties.

玻璃的折射率因成分不同而变化，这会影响其光学特性。

3.In fiber optics, a higher index of refraction 折射率 in the core allows for better light transmission.

在光纤中，核心的折射率越高，光传输效果越好。

4.When designing lenses, understanding the index of refraction 折射率 of different materials is crucial.

在设计镜头时，了解不同材料的折射率是至关重要的。

5.The index of refraction 折射率 of water is approximately 1.33, which means light travels slower in water than in air.

水的折射率大约为1.33，这意味着光在水中的传播速度比在空气中慢。

作文

The phenomenon of light bending when it passes from one medium to another is a fascinating aspect of physics that has intrigued scientists for centuries. This bending occurs due to the change in speed of light as it travels through different materials. The degree to which light bends is quantified by a property known as the index of refraction. The index of refraction is defined as the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in a given medium. Understanding this concept is crucial in various fields, including optics, engineering, and even photography.To illustrate the importance of the index of refraction, consider how lenses work in glasses or cameras. When light enters a lens, it changes speed and direction based on the index of refraction of the lens material compared to air. This bending of light allows lenses to focus images, magnify objects, or correct vision. For instance, glass has a higher index of refraction than air, which means light slows down and bends more significantly when entering the glass. This principle is not only vital for creating effective optical devices but also plays a critical role in understanding natural phenomena such as rainbows and mirages.Moreover, the index of refraction varies with different materials, which can lead to interesting effects. For example, water has an index of refraction of about 1.33, while diamond has an index of refraction of approximately 2.42. This difference explains why diamonds sparkle so brilliantly; they bend light more than many other substances, causing it to reflect internally and create the dazzling effect we associate with this precious stone.In addition to its practical applications, the index of refraction also has theoretical implications in physics. It is essential in Snell's Law, which describes how light refracts at the interface between two different media. Snell's Law states that the product of the sine of the angle of incidence and the index of refraction of the first medium is equal to the product of the sine of the angle of refraction and the index of refraction of the second medium. This relationship helps predict how light will behave when moving between substances of different densities.Furthermore, the index of refraction can also be affected by factors such as temperature and wavelength of light. For instance, as temperature increases, the index of refraction of air decreases slightly, which can affect optical measurements and observations. Similarly, different wavelengths of light (colors) have different index of refraction values, leading to dispersion. This is why prisms can separate white light into its constituent colors, a phenomenon that is visually stunning and scientifically significant.In conclusion, the index of refraction is a fundamental concept in the study of light and optics. Its applications range from everyday items like glasses and cameras to complex scientific theories. By understanding the index of refraction, we gain insight into both the practical and theoretical aspects of light behavior, enhancing our ability to manipulate and utilize light in various technologies and scientific explorations.

光在从一种介质传播到另一种介质时发生弯曲的现象是物理学中一个引人入胜的方面，几个世纪以来一直吸引着科学家的兴趣。这种弯曲是由于光在不同材料中传播时速度的变化。光弯曲的程度由一个称为折射率的属性来量化。折射率被定义为真空中光速与给定介质中光速的比率。理解这一概念在光学、工程甚至摄影等多个领域至关重要。为了说明折射率的重要性，可以考虑眼镜或相机中镜头的工作原理。当光线进入镜头时，它的速度和方向会根据镜头材料的折射率与空气的比较而变化。这种光的弯曲使得镜头能够聚焦图像、放大物体或矫正视力。例如，玻璃的折射率高于空气，这意味着光在进入玻璃时减速并更显著地弯曲。这一原理不仅对创建有效的光学设备至关重要，而且在理解自然现象如彩虹和海市蜃楼中也起着关键作用。此外，折射率在不同材料之间的变化可能导致有趣的效果。例如，水的折射率约为1.33，而钻石的折射率约为2.42。这种差异解释了为什么钻石闪烁得如此耀眼；它们比许多其他物质更能弯曲光线，导致光线在内部反射并产生我们与这种珍贵宝石相关联的惊艳效果。除了实际应用外，折射率在物理学中也具有理论意义。它在斯涅尔定律中是必不可少的，该定律描述了光在两个不同介质的界面处如何折射。斯涅尔定律指出，入射角的正弦与第一个介质的折射率的乘积等于折射角的正弦与第二个介质的折射率的乘积。这一关系有助于预测光在不同密度物质之间移动时的行为。此外，折射率还可能受到温度和光波长等因素的影响。例如，随着温度的升高，空气的折射率略微下降，这可能影响光学测量和观察。同样，不同波长的光（颜色）具有不同的折射率值，导致色散。这就是为什么棱镜可以将白光分解成其组成颜色的原因，这一现象在视觉上令人惊叹，在科学上也具有重要意义。总之，折射率是光和光学研究中的一个基本概念。它的应用范围从日常物品如眼镜和相机到复杂的科学理论。通过理解折射率，我们获得了对光行为的实际和理论方面的深入了解，从而增强了我们操控和利用光在各种技术和科学探索中的能力。