electron pair

简明释义

电子偶

英英释义

例句

1.In Lewis structures, lone pairs and bonding electron pairs (电子对) are represented distinctly.

在路易斯结构中，孤立对和结合的electron pairs (电子对)被明显区分。

2.The electron pair (电子对) in water molecules creates a polar nature.

水分子中的electron pair (电子对)造成了极性特性。

3.When forming ammonia, nitrogen donates an electron pair (电子对) to hydrogen.

在形成氨时，氮向氢提供一个electron pair (电子对)。

4.The concept of an electron pair (电子对) is crucial in understanding molecular geometry.

理解分子几何形状时，electron pair (电子对)的概念至关重要。

5.In a covalent bond, two atoms share an electron pair (电子对) to achieve stability.

在共价键中，两个原子共享一个electron pair (电子对)以实现稳定。

作文

In the realm of chemistry, understanding the concept of an electron pair is crucial for grasping how atoms interact and bond with one another. An electron pair refers to a set of two electrons that occupy the same orbital within an atom. These pairs play a significant role in the formation of chemical bonds, particularly covalent bonds, where atoms share their electron pairs to achieve stability. This sharing allows each atom to attain a full outer shell of electrons, which is often associated with the noble gas configuration, making the compound more stable and less reactive.The significance of electron pairs extends beyond mere bonding; they also influence the geometry of molecules. According to the VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory, the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule is determined by the repulsion between electron pairs. For instance, in a water molecule (H2O), the two hydrogen atoms are bonded to the oxygen atom, but there are also two lone electron pairs on the oxygen. These lone pairs repel the bonding pairs, resulting in a bent molecular shape rather than a linear one. This bent shape is vital for the unique properties of water, such as its high boiling point and solvent capabilities.Moreover, electron pairs are not only found in covalent bonding but also in coordination complexes. In these complexes, a central metal atom can coordinate with multiple ligands, which are molecules or ions that donate electron pairs to the metal. The interaction between the metal and the ligands through electron pairs creates a variety of structures and geometries, which are essential for many biological processes and industrial applications.Understanding electron pairs also has implications in the field of organic chemistry. Many organic reactions involve the movement of electron pairs, whether in nucleophilic substitutions or electrophilic additions. For example, during a nucleophilic attack, a nucleophile donates an electron pair to an electrophile, facilitating the formation of new bonds. The ability to visualize and predict the behavior of electron pairs in these reactions is fundamental for chemists when designing new compounds or understanding reaction mechanisms.In summary, the concept of an electron pair is integral to the study of chemistry. From determining molecular shapes to influencing reaction pathways, electron pairs are at the heart of chemical interactions. By mastering this concept, students and professionals alike can deepen their understanding of how matter behaves at the atomic level, leading to advancements in various scientific fields. Thus, the study of electron pairs not only enriches our knowledge of chemistry but also enhances our ability to innovate and create in the world around us.

在化学领域，理解电子对的概念对于掌握原子之间的相互作用和结合至关重要。电子对是指占据同一轨道的两颗电子。这些对在化学键的形成中发挥着重要作用，特别是在共价键中，原子通过共享它们的电子对来实现稳定。这种共享使每个原子都能获得完整的外层电子，这通常与惰性气体配置相关，使化合物更加稳定，反应性降低。电子对的重要性不仅仅体现在键合上；它们还影响分子的几何形状。根据VSEPR（价壳电子对排斥）理论，分子中原子的空间排列由电子对之间的排斥力决定。例如，在水分子（H2O）中，两个氢原子与氧原子结合，但氧原子上还有两个孤立的电子对。这些孤立对会排斥结合对，从而导致分子呈弯曲形状，而不是线性形状。这种弯曲的形状对于水的独特性质至关重要，例如其高沸点和溶剂能力。此外，电子对不仅存在于共价键中，还存在于配位络合物中。在这些络合物中，中心金属原子可以与多个配体协调，配体是向金属提供电子对的分子或离子。金属与配体之间通过电子对的相互作用创造出各种结构和几何形状，这对许多生物过程和工业应用至关重要。理解电子对在有机化学领域也有重要意义。许多有机反应涉及电子对的运动，无论是在亲核取代反应还是电亲加成反应中。例如，在亲核攻击过程中，亲核试剂将电子对捐赠给电亲试剂，从而促进新键的形成。能够可视化和预测电子对在这些反应中的行为是化学家在设计新化合物或理解反应机制时的基础。总之，电子对的概念是化学研究的核心。从确定分子形状到影响反应路径，电子对处于化学相互作用的核心。通过掌握这一概念，学生和专业人士可以加深对物质在原子层面如何行为的理解，从而推动各科学领域的进步。因此，研究电子对不仅丰富了我们对化学的知识，也增强了我们在周围世界中创新和创造的能力。