collision broadening

简明释义

碰撞展宽

英英释义

例句

1.To accurately analyze the emission spectra, scientists must account for collision broadening caused by interactions between atoms.

为了准确分析发射光谱，科学家们必须考虑由原子间相互作用引起的碰撞展宽。

2.The spectral lines of the gas are affected by collision broadening, which occurs when particles collide and alter their energy levels.

气体的光谱线受到碰撞展宽的影响，当粒子碰撞并改变其能级时发生此现象。

3.In astrophysics, collision broadening is crucial for understanding the composition of distant stars.

在天体物理学中，碰撞展宽对于理解遥远星星的成分至关重要。

4.The collision broadening phenomenon can be observed in high-pressure gas environments where molecules frequently collide.

在分子频繁碰撞的高压气体环境中，可以观察到碰撞展宽现象。

5.Researchers measured the collision broadening effects in a laboratory setting to improve their models of gas behavior.

研究人员在实验室环境中测量了碰撞展宽效应，以改善他们的气体行为模型。

作文

In the study of spectroscopy, one of the key phenomena that scientists encounter is collision broadening. This term refers to the widening of spectral lines due to collisions between atoms or molecules. When light interacts with matter, it can be absorbed or emitted at specific frequencies corresponding to the energy transitions of the particles involved. However, when these particles collide, they can influence each other's energy states, leading to a spread in the frequencies at which light is emitted or absorbed. This effect is particularly significant in gases where the density of particles is relatively high, and thus collisions occur more frequently.Understanding collision broadening is crucial for various applications, including astrophysics, atmospheric science, and even medical diagnostics. For instance, in astrophysics, astronomers analyze the light from distant stars and galaxies to determine their composition, temperature, and motion. If collision broadening is not accounted for, the measurements could lead to inaccurate conclusions about the physical conditions in these celestial bodies.Moreover, in atmospheric science, collision broadening plays a significant role in the analysis of greenhouse gases. By understanding how these gases absorb and emit infrared radiation, scientists can better model climate change and its impacts on our planet. Accurate models are essential for predicting future climate scenarios and informing policy decisions aimed at mitigating the effects of global warming.In medical diagnostics, collision broadening is relevant in techniques such as laser-induced fluorescence. Here, understanding the broadening of spectral lines can help in identifying specific biomolecules in complex mixtures, leading to improved diagnostic tools. For example, detecting cancer biomarkers in blood samples relies heavily on the precise interpretation of spectral data, where collision broadening must be considered to enhance accuracy.The mechanisms behind collision broadening can be understood through two primary processes: pressure broadening and Doppler broadening. Pressure broadening occurs when the density of particles increases, leading to more frequent collisions. This results in a greater spread of energy levels and thus wider spectral lines. On the other hand, Doppler broadening arises from the motion of particles. As particles move towards or away from an observer, the frequency of the light they emit can shift, causing a broadening effect. In many real-world situations, both types of broadening occur simultaneously, making it essential for scientists to develop models that incorporate both effects.In conclusion, collision broadening is a fundamental concept in spectroscopy that has far-reaching implications across various scientific fields. Its impact on the interpretation of spectral data cannot be overstated, as it influences our understanding of the universe, climate change, and human health. As research continues to evolve, a deeper understanding of collision broadening will undoubtedly lead to advancements in technology and science, enabling us to tackle some of the most pressing challenges facing humanity today.

在光谱学研究中，科学家们遇到的一个关键现象是碰撞展宽。这个术语指的是由于原子或分子之间的碰撞而导致的光谱线宽度增加。当光与物质相互作用时，它可以在与参与的粒子的能量跃迁相对应的特定频率下被吸收或发射。然而，当这些粒子发生碰撞时，它们可以影响彼此的能量状态，从而导致光的发射或吸收频率的扩散。这种效应在气体中尤其显著，因为粒子的密度相对较高，因此碰撞发生得更频繁。理解碰撞展宽对于各种应用至关重要，包括天体物理学、大气科学甚至医学诊断。例如，在天体物理学中，天文学家分析来自遥远恒星和星系的光，以确定它们的成分、温度和运动。如果不考虑碰撞展宽，测量结果可能会导致关于这些天体物理条件的不准确结论。此外，在大气科学中，碰撞展宽在温室气体分析中发挥着重要作用。通过了解这些气体如何吸收和发射红外辐射，科学家们可以更好地模拟气候变化及其对我们星球的影响。准确的模型对于预测未来气候情景以及为减缓全球变暖影响而制定的政策决策至关重要。在医学诊断中，碰撞展宽与激光诱导荧光等技术相关。在这里，理解光谱线的展宽可以帮助识别复杂混合物中的特定生物分子，从而改善诊断工具。例如，检测血液样本中的癌症生物标志物在很大程度上依赖于对光谱数据的精确解释，其中必须考虑碰撞展宽以提高准确性。碰撞展宽背后的机制可以通过两种主要过程来理解：压力展宽和多普勒展宽。压力展宽发生在粒子密度增加时，导致碰撞更频繁。这导致能级扩散，从而使光谱线变宽。另一方面，多普勒展宽源于粒子的运动。当粒子朝向或远离观察者移动时，它们发出的光的频率可能会发生偏移，从而导致展宽效应。在许多现实情况中，这两种展宽同时发生，使科学家必须开发包含这两种效应的模型。总之，碰撞展宽是光谱学中的一个基本概念，对各个科学领域都有深远的影响。它对光谱数据解释的影响不可低估，因为它影响我们对宇宙、气候变化和人类健康的理解。随着研究的不断发展，对碰撞展宽的更深入理解无疑将促进科技和科学的进步，使我们能够应对当今人类面临的一些最紧迫的挑战。