trapping cross section

简明释义

俘获截面

英英释义

例句

1.By measuring the trapping cross section, researchers can infer the properties of the medium being studied.

通过测量捕获截面，研究人员可以推断所研究介质的特性。

2.The theoretical model predicted a higher trapping cross section for the new compound compared to its predecessor.

理论模型预测新化合物的捕获截面高于其前身。

3.The trapping cross section plays a crucial role in understanding the interactions between different particles.

捕获截面在理解不同粒子之间的相互作用中起着关键作用。

4.The physicists calculated the trapping cross section to determine how effectively the particles could be captured.

物理学家计算了捕获截面以确定粒子被捕获的有效性。

5.In our experiments, we observed a significant increase in the trapping cross section at lower temperatures.

在我们的实验中，我们观察到在低温下捕获截面显著增加。

作文

In the field of physics, particularly in particle physics and nuclear engineering, the concept of trapping cross section plays a crucial role in understanding how particles interact with one another. The trapping cross section is defined as a measure of the likelihood that a particular particle will be captured or 'trapped' by another particle or a target material. This concept is essential for various applications, including nuclear reactors, radiation shielding, and even astrophysics. To grasp the importance of the trapping cross section, we must first understand what is meant by 'cross section' in general. In physics, a cross section is a hypothetical area that quantifies the probability of an interaction occurring between particles. This area is not a physical dimension but rather a way to represent the interaction strength. The larger the cross section, the higher the probability of interaction. When we talk about the trapping cross section, we specifically refer to scenarios where a particle is not just interacting but is being captured by another particle or system. For example, in nuclear fission, when a neutron collides with a fissile nucleus, there exists a certain probability that the neutron will be absorbed, leading to the creation of heavier elements and the release of a significant amount of energy. The trapping cross section for neutrons in this context is critical for predicting the behavior of nuclear reactions. Moreover, the trapping cross section can vary widely depending on several factors, including the energy of the incoming particle and the type of target material. For instance, in the case of thermal neutrons, which are neutrons that have been slowed down to thermal energies, the trapping cross section for materials like uranium-235 is relatively high. This property is exploited in nuclear reactors, where maintaining a sufficient number of slow-moving neutrons is essential for sustaining a controlled nuclear chain reaction. In astrophysics, the trapping cross section helps scientists understand how stars form and evolve. During the process of star formation, gas clouds collapse under their own gravity, and various particles interact within these clouds. The trapping cross section of different particles can influence the rate at which energy is released during these interactions, ultimately affecting the lifecycle of a star. Furthermore, the trapping cross section has implications in medical physics, particularly in radiation therapy. Understanding how radiation interacts with biological tissues can help optimize treatment plans for cancer patients. By knowing the trapping cross section of certain particles, medical physicists can predict how effectively radiation will be absorbed by tumors compared to healthy tissues, leading to more effective and targeted therapies. In conclusion, the concept of trapping cross section is pivotal across various scientific disciplines. It provides a framework for understanding particle interactions, from nuclear reactions to astrophysical phenomena and medical applications. By studying the trapping cross section, researchers can gain insights into the fundamental processes that govern the universe and develop technologies that harness these interactions for practical use. As our understanding of particle physics continues to advance, the significance of the trapping cross section will undoubtedly grow, paving the way for new discoveries and innovations in science and technology.

在物理学领域，特别是粒子物理学和核工程中，trapping cross section的概念在理解粒子之间的相互作用方面起着至关重要的作用。trapping cross section被定义为某个特定粒子被另一个粒子或目标材料捕获或“困住”的可能性的量度。这个概念对于各种应用至关重要，包括核反应堆、辐射屏蔽，甚至是天体物理学。要理解trapping cross section的重要性，我们必须首先了解“截面”在一般情况下的含义。在物理学中，截面是一个假设的面积，用于量化粒子之间发生相互作用的概率。这个面积并不是一个物理维度，而是一种表示相互作用强度的方式。截面越大，相互作用的概率就越高。当我们谈论trapping cross section时，我们特别指的是粒子不仅在相互作用，而且被另一个粒子或系统捕获的场景。例如，在核裂变过程中，当一个中子与可裂变核发生碰撞时，存在一定的概率中子会被吸收，从而导致重元素的形成并释放出大量能量。在这种情况下，中子的trapping cross section对于预测核反应的行为至关重要。此外，trapping cross section可以根据多个因素的不同而变化，包括入射粒子的能量和目标材料的类型。例如，在热中子的情况下，热中子是指已经减速到热能的中子，铀-235等材料的trapping cross section相对较高。这一特性在核反应堆中得到了利用，其中维持足够数量的慢速中子对于维持受控的核链式反应至关重要。在天体物理学中，trapping cross section帮助科学家理解恒星的形成和演化。在恒星形成过程中，气体云在自身重力的作用下坍缩，这些云中的各种粒子相互作用。不同粒子的trapping cross section可以影响这些相互作用中能量释放的速度，从而最终影响恒星的生命周期。此外，trapping cross section在医学物理学中也具有重要意义，特别是在放射治疗中。了解辐射如何与生物组织相互作用可以帮助优化癌症患者的治疗方案。通过了解某些粒子的trapping cross section，医学物理学家可以预测辐射被肿瘤与健康组织吸收的有效性，从而实现更有效和更有针对性的治疗。总之，trapping cross section的概念在各个科学学科中都是关键的。它为理解粒子相互作用提供了框架，从核反应到天体现象以及医学应用。通过研究trapping cross section，研究人员可以深入了解支配宇宙的基本过程，并开发利用这些相互作用的技术。随着我们对粒子物理学理解的不断深化，trapping cross section的重要性无疑会增加，为科学和技术的新发现和创新铺平道路。