transition linewidth

简明释义

跃迁谱线宽度

英英释义

例句

1.The transition linewidth 跃迁线宽 is a key parameter in laser spectroscopy.

在激光光谱学中，跃迁线宽 transition linewidth是一个关键参数。

2.In quantum optics, understanding the transition linewidth 跃迁线宽 is crucial for designing better photonic devices.

在量子光学中，理解跃迁线宽 transition linewidth对设计更好的光子设备至关重要。

3.The laser's performance is often limited by the transition linewidth 跃迁线宽, which affects its coherence.

激光的性能通常受到跃迁线宽 transition linewidth的限制，这影响了它的相干性。

4.The transition linewidth 跃迁线宽 can be influenced by environmental factors such as temperature and pressure.

环境因素如温度和压力可以影响跃迁线宽 transition linewidth。

5.Researchers measured the transition linewidth 跃迁线宽 to determine the purity of the sample.

研究人员测量了跃迁线宽 transition linewidth以确定样品的纯度。

作文

In the field of quantum mechanics and spectroscopy, the term transition linewidth refers to the width of the spectral line associated with a transition between two energy levels of a quantum system. This concept is crucial for understanding how different materials interact with light and other forms of electromagnetic radiation. The transition linewidth can provide valuable information about the properties of atoms and molecules, including their temperature, pressure, and the environment in which they exist.When an atom or molecule absorbs or emits light, it does so at specific frequencies corresponding to the energy difference between its quantized states. Ideally, one might expect these transitions to occur at precise frequencies, resulting in sharp spectral lines. However, in reality, several factors contribute to the broadening of these lines, leading to what we observe as the transition linewidth. One primary factor affecting the transition linewidth is natural broadening, which arises from the inherent uncertainty principle in quantum mechanics. According to this principle, there is a limit to how precisely we can know both the energy and the time associated with a transition. As a result, the shorter the lifetime of an excited state, the broader the transition linewidth will be. This phenomenon is fundamental and cannot be avoided.Another significant contributor to the transition linewidth is Doppler broadening, which occurs due to the thermal motion of atoms or molecules. When these particles are in motion, their relative velocities cause shifts in the observed frequency of the emitted or absorbed light, resulting in a spread of frequencies around the central value. In gases, where individual particles move at varying speeds, the transition linewidth can be considerably widened due to this effect.Collisional broadening is also an essential factor, particularly in denser gases or liquids. When particles collide with one another, the interactions can perturb the energy levels, causing additional broadening of the spectral lines. This effect is especially pronounced in environments where high pressures exist, and it can significantly influence the transition linewidth.Understanding the transition linewidth is vital for various applications, including laser technology, astrophysics, and environmental monitoring. For instance, in laser systems, maintaining a narrow transition linewidth is crucial for achieving high precision in measurements and ensuring effective operation. Similarly, in astrophysics, analyzing the transition linewidth of spectral lines from distant stars can reveal information about their composition, temperature, and movement.In conclusion, the transition linewidth is a fundamental concept that encompasses several physical phenomena affecting the interaction of light with matter. By studying the factors that contribute to the broadening of spectral lines, scientists can gain deeper insights into the behavior of quantum systems and improve technologies that rely on these principles. As research continues, our understanding of the transition linewidth will undoubtedly evolve, leading to advancements in both theoretical knowledge and practical applications.

在量子力学和光谱学领域，术语transition linewidth指的是与量子系统两个能级之间的跃迁相关的光谱线的宽度。这个概念对于理解不同材料如何与光和其他形式的电磁辐射相互作用至关重要。transition linewidth可以提供关于原子和分子的性质的宝贵信息，包括它们的温度、压力以及它们所处的环境。当一个原子或分子吸收或发射光时，它是在与其量子态之间的能量差相对应的特定频率下进行的。理想情况下，人们可能期望这些跃迁发生在精确的频率上，从而导致尖锐的光谱线。然而，在现实中，几个因素导致了这些线的展宽，最终我们观察到的就是transition linewidth。影响transition linewidth的一个主要因素是自然展宽，这源于量子力学中的不确定性原理。根据这一原理，我们无法同时精确知道与跃迁相关的能量和时间。因此，激发态的寿命越短，transition linewidth就越宽。这种现象是基本的，无法避免。另一个对transition linewidth产生重大影响的因素是多普勒展宽，这种现象由于原子或分子的热运动而发生。当这些粒子运动时，它们的相对速度会导致发射或吸收光的观测频率发生偏移，导致围绕中心值的频率扩散。在气体中，由于个体粒子以不同速度运动，transition linewidth可能因这一效应而显著加宽。碰撞展宽也是一个重要因素，特别是在更稠密的气体或液体中。当粒子相互碰撞时，交互作用可能会扰动能级，从而导致光谱线的额外展宽。这种效应在高压环境中特别明显，并且它可能显著影响transition linewidth。理解transition linewidth对于激光技术、天体物理学和环境监测等各种应用至关重要。例如，在激光系统中，保持狭窄的transition linewidth对于实现高精度测量和确保有效操作至关重要。同样，在天体物理学中，分析来自遥远恒星的光谱线的transition linewidth可以揭示关于它们的成分、温度和运动的信息。总之，transition linewidth是一个基本概念，涵盖了影响光与物质相互作用的几种物理现象。通过研究导致光谱线展宽的因素，科学家可以深入了解量子系统的行为，并改善依赖于这些原理的技术。随着研究的不断推进，我们对transition linewidth的理解无疑会不断发展，从而在理论知识和实际应用方面取得进展。