surface recombination

简明释义

表面复合

英英释义

例句

1.The efficiency of solar cells can be significantly affected by surface recombination (表面复合) processes.

太阳能电池的效率可以受到表面复合过程的显著影响。

2.To enhance device performance, it is crucial to understand surface recombination (表面复合) mechanisms.

为了提高设备性能，理解表面复合机制至关重要。

3.The design of the material can influence the surface recombination (表面复合) characteristics.

材料的设计可以影响表面复合特性。

4.In high-quality crystals, surface recombination (表面复合) rates are lower, leading to better performance.

在高质量晶体中，表面复合速率较低，从而导致更好的性能。

5.Researchers are studying ways to minimize surface recombination (表面复合) in semiconductor materials.

研究人员正在研究减少半导体材料中表面复合的方法。

作文

In the realm of semiconductor physics, the phenomenon known as surface recombination plays a crucial role in determining the efficiency and performance of various electronic devices. Surface recombination refers to the process by which charge carriers, specifically electrons and holes, recombine at the surface of a semiconductor material. This process is particularly significant because it can significantly affect the carrier lifetime and, consequently, the overall performance of devices such as solar cells and transistors.To understand the impact of surface recombination, one must first grasp the basic principles of charge carriers in semiconductors. In intrinsic semiconductors, electrons occupy the conduction band while holes are present in the valence band. When these charge carriers recombine, energy is released, often in the form of light or heat. However, when this recombination occurs at the surface of the material, it can lead to a loss of available charge carriers that would otherwise contribute to electrical conductivity.The surfaces of semiconductor materials are often not perfect; they may have defects, impurities, or other irregularities that can enhance the rate of surface recombination. These imperfections can trap charge carriers, leading to an increased likelihood of recombination before the carriers can contribute to current flow. As a result, high rates of surface recombination can severely limit the efficiency of devices like solar cells, where maximizing the number of charge carriers available for collection is paramount.In photovoltaic applications, for instance, the goal is to generate as many electron-hole pairs as possible when light hits the solar cell. If a significant portion of these pairs recombines at the surface due to surface recombination, the efficiency of the solar cell drops. Engineers and scientists work tirelessly to minimize this effect by employing various strategies, such as passivation techniques that involve coating the semiconductor surface with materials that reduce the density of surface states, thereby decreasing the rate of surface recombination.Moreover, the concept of surface recombination is not limited to just solar cells; it also extends to other semiconductor devices, including light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and field-effect transistors (FETs). In LEDs, effective management of surface recombination is essential to ensure that the maximum number of carriers recombine radiatively, producing light instead of non-radiative losses. Similarly, in FETs, controlling surface recombination is vital for maintaining high mobility and enhancing device performance.In conclusion, surface recombination is a fundamental concept in semiconductor physics that has far-reaching implications for the design and optimization of electronic devices. By understanding and mitigating the effects of surface recombination, engineers can develop more efficient solar cells, brighter LEDs, and faster transistors. As technology continues to advance, the importance of addressing surface recombination will only grow, underscoring the need for continued research and innovation in this critical area of semiconductor science.

在半导体物理领域，称为表面复合的现象在决定各种电子设备的效率和性能方面起着至关重要的作用。表面复合是指电荷载流子，特别是电子和空穴，在半导体材料表面复合的过程。这个过程尤其重要，因为它可以显著影响载流子的寿命，从而影响太阳能电池和晶体管等设备的整体性能。要理解表面复合的影响，首先必须掌握半导体中电荷载流子的基本原理。在本征半导体中，电子占据导带，而空穴则存在于价带。当这些电荷载流子复合时，会释放出能量，通常以光或热的形式释放。然而，当这种复合发生在材料表面时，可能导致可用电荷载流子的损失，这些载流子本可以贡献于电导率。半导体材料的表面往往并不完美；它们可能具有缺陷、杂质或其他不规则性，这些因素可能增强表面复合的速率。这些缺陷可能捕获电荷载流子，导致在载流子能够贡献电流之前，复合的可能性增加。因此，高速率的表面复合可能严重限制太阳能电池等设备的效率，在这些设备中，最大化可供收集的电荷载流子的数量至关重要。例如，在光伏应用中，目标是当光照射到太阳能电池时产生尽可能多的电子-空穴对。如果由于表面复合而导致这些对的大部分在表面复合，太阳能电池的效率就会下降。工程师和科学家们不懈努力，采用各种策略来最小化这一影响，例如钝化技术，即通过用减少表面态密度的材料涂覆半导体表面，从而降低表面复合的速率。此外，表面复合的概念不仅限于太阳能电池；它还扩展到其他半导体设备，包括发光二极管（LED）和场效应晶体管（FET）。在LED中，有效管理表面复合对于确保最大数量的载流子以辐射方式复合至关重要，这样才能产生光，而不是非辐射损失。类似地，在FET中，控制表面复合对维持高迁移率和增强设备性能至关重要。总之，表面复合是半导体物理中的一个基本概念，对电子设备的设计和优化具有深远的影响。通过理解和减轻表面复合的影响，工程师可以开发出更高效的太阳能电池、更明亮的LED和更快的晶体管。随着技术的不断进步，解决表面复合问题的重要性只会增加，强调了在这一关键半导体科学领域继续进行研究和创新的必要性。