brillouin zone

简明释义

布里渊区

英英释义

例句

1.When analyzing the band structure of a material, we often plot the energy levels within the brillouin zone (布里渊区).

在分析材料的能带结构时，我们通常绘制能量水平在 brillouin zone (布里渊区) 内的图。

2.The symmetry of the brillouin zone (布里渊区) can greatly influence the electronic band gaps.

brillouin zone (布里渊区) 的对称性可以极大地影响电子带隙。

3.Understanding the brillouin zone (布里渊区) helps predict how materials will respond to external fields.

理解 brillouin zone (布里渊区) 有助于预测材料如何响应外部场。

4.In solid state physics, the concept of a brillouin zone (布里渊区) is essential for understanding the electronic properties of crystals.

在固态物理中，brillouin zone (布里渊区) 的概念对于理解晶体的电子特性至关重要。

5.The first brillouin zone (布里渊区) is defined by the Wigner-Seitz cell in reciprocal space.

第一个 brillouin zone (布里渊区) 是由倒易空间中的维格纳-塞茨单元定义的。

作文

The concept of the Brillouin zone is fundamental in the field of solid-state physics and materials science. It represents a uniquely defined region in reciprocal space, which is used to describe the behavior of electrons in a crystal lattice. Understanding the Brillouin zone is crucial for analyzing various physical properties of materials, such as electrical conductivity, optical characteristics, and thermal properties.To delve deeper into the significance of the Brillouin zone, we first need to understand what reciprocal space is. In crystallography, reciprocal space is a mathematical construct that helps us visualize and analyze periodic structures like crystals. Each point in this space corresponds to a wave vector, which describes the state of an electron in the crystal. The Brillouin zone is essentially the first zone in this reciprocal space, bounded by specific planes that represent the allowed energy levels of electrons.The shape and size of the Brillouin zone depend on the symmetry and periodicity of the crystal lattice. For instance, in a simple cubic lattice, the Brillouin zone takes the form of a cube, while in a hexagonal lattice, it appears as a hexagonal prism. This geometric representation is not just a visual aid; it plays a critical role in determining the electronic band structure of materials. The band structure provides insights into how electrons behave under various conditions, which is essential for developing new materials with tailored properties.One of the most important applications of the Brillouin zone is in the study of band gaps in semiconductors. A band gap is an energy range in a solid where no electron states can exist. The presence of a band gap is what makes semiconductors useful in electronic devices. By understanding the position of the Brillouin zone and its relation to the energy bands, scientists can manipulate the electronic properties of materials, leading to innovations in technology.Moreover, the Brillouin zone is also instrumental in the phenomenon of electron scattering. When electrons interact with phonons (quantized sound waves) or impurities in the material, they can scatter, changing their momentum and energy. The characteristics of these scattering events can be analyzed using the framework provided by the Brillouin zone, allowing researchers to predict how materials will respond to external stimuli.In conclusion, the Brillouin zone is a pivotal concept in understanding the electronic properties of materials. Its implications stretch across various fields, from electronics to optics and beyond. As researchers continue to explore the quantum behavior of materials, the Brillouin zone will remain an essential tool for unlocking the mysteries of solid-state physics. By mastering this concept, scientists can pave the way for the development of advanced materials that could revolutionize technology and improve our daily lives.

“布里渊区”这一概念在固态物理和材料科学领域中具有基础性的重要性。它代表了倒易空间中一个独特的区域，用于描述晶格中电子的行为。理解“布里渊区”对于分析材料的各种物理特性至关重要，例如电导率、光学特性和热特性。要深入了解“布里渊区”的重要性，我们首先需要理解倒易空间是什么。在晶体学中，倒易空间是一个数学构造，帮助我们可视化和分析像晶体这样的周期性结构。该空间中的每个点对应一个波矢量，描述了晶体中电子的状态。“布里渊区”实质上是这个倒易空间中的第一个区域，由特定平面界定，这些平面代表电子的允许能级。“布里渊区”的形状和大小取决于晶格的对称性和周期性。例如，在简单立方晶格中，“布里渊区”的形状为立方体，而在六角晶格中，它呈现为六角柱体。这种几何表示不仅仅是视觉辅助，它在决定材料的电子能带结构中发挥着关键作用。能带结构提供了电子在各种条件下如何行为的见解，这对于开发具有特定性质的新材料至关重要。“布里渊区”的一个重要应用是在半导体的能带间隙研究中。能带间隙是固体中不存在电子态的能量范围。能带间隙的存在使得半导体在电子设备中非常有用。通过理解“布里渊区”的位置及其与能带的关系，科学家可以操控材料的电子特性，从而推动技术创新。此外，“布里渊区”在电子散射现象中也起着重要作用。当电子与材料中的声子（量子化声波）或杂质相互作用时，它们可能会散射，改变其动量和能量。这些散射事件的特征可以利用“布里渊区”所提供的框架进行分析，使研究人员能够预测材料在外部刺激下的反应。总之，“布里渊区”是理解材料电子特性的关键概念。它的影响跨越多个领域，从电子学到光学等。随着研究人员继续探索材料的量子行为，“布里渊区”将始终是揭示固态物理奥秘的重要工具。通过掌握这一概念，科学家可以为开发先进材料铺平道路，这些材料可能会革新技术并改善我们的日常生活。