amorphous solid

简明释义

非晶状固体

英英释义

例句

1.Glass is an example of an amorphous solid, which means it lacks a long-range order in its molecular structure.

玻璃是一个例子，属于无定形固体，这意味着它的分子结构缺乏长程有序性。

2.The properties of amorphous solids make them ideal for certain applications in electronics.

由于无定形固体的特性，使它们在电子应用中非常理想。

3.Silica gel is often considered an amorphous solid due to its non-crystalline structure.

硅胶常被认为是无定形固体，因为它具有非晶体结构。

4.Some polymers are classified as amorphous solids, which allows them to be flexible and moldable.

一些聚合物被归类为无定形固体，这使得它们具有灵活性和可塑性。

5.In the manufacturing of ceramics, amorphous solids can be used to enhance the strength and durability of the final product.

在陶瓷制造中，可以使用无定形固体来增强最终产品的强度和耐用性。

作文

The term amorphous solid refers to a type of solid material that lacks a well-defined crystalline structure. Unlike crystalline solids, which have a regular arrangement of atoms and molecules, amorphous solids exhibit a more random and disordered arrangement. This unique characteristic gives them distinct physical properties that set them apart from their crystalline counterparts. Common examples of amorphous solids include glass, rubber, and certain types of plastics. One of the most fascinating aspects of amorphous solids is their ability to flow under certain conditions, albeit very slowly. This phenomenon is often observed in glass, which is technically an amorphous solid. Although we perceive glass as a rigid material, it can behave like a supercooled liquid over long periods. This behavior is due to the lack of a fixed lattice structure, which allows the molecules within the glass to move more freely compared to those in a crystalline solid. The absence of a crystalline structure in amorphous solids also affects their optical properties. For instance, glass can be manufactured to be transparent or colored, depending on how it is processed. The irregular arrangement of atoms in amorphous solids can scatter light differently than in crystalline materials, leading to unique visual effects. This property is particularly valuable in industries such as optics and electronics, where specific light transmission characteristics are desired.Furthermore, the mechanical properties of amorphous solids differ significantly from those of crystalline solids. For example, while crystalline materials tend to be brittle and fracture easily, amorphous solids can exhibit greater flexibility and toughness. This makes them ideal for applications where durability and resistance to impact are crucial. The combination of these properties has led to the widespread use of amorphous solids in various industries, including construction, packaging, and consumer goods.In conclusion, understanding the concept of amorphous solid is essential for grasping the diverse range of materials we encounter in our daily lives. Their unique characteristics, such as the lack of a crystalline structure, distinctive optical properties, and enhanced mechanical resilience, make them invaluable in numerous applications. As research continues to evolve in materials science, we can expect to uncover even more innovative uses for amorphous solids, further demonstrating their significance in modern technology and industry.

术语无定形固体指的是一种缺乏明确晶体结构的固体材料。与具有规则原子和分子排列的晶体固体不同，无定形固体表现出更随机和无序的排列。这种独特特性赋予它们与晶体对应物不同的物理属性。常见的无定形固体示例包括玻璃、橡胶和某些类型的塑料。无定形固体最迷人的方面之一是它们在某些条件下缓慢流动的能力。这种现象通常在玻璃中观察到，玻璃技术上是一种无定形固体。虽然我们将玻璃视为一种刚性材料，但从长时间来看，它可以像过冷液体一样行为。这种行为是由于缺乏固定的晶格结构，使得玻璃中的分子能够比晶体固体中的分子更自由地移动。无定形固体中晶体结构的缺失也影响了它们的光学特性。例如，玻璃可以根据其加工方式制造成透明或着色的。无定形固体中原子的不规则排列可以以不同于晶体材料的方式散射光，从而导致独特的视觉效果。这一特性在光学和电子等行业中特别有价值，因为这些行业需要特定的光传输特性。此外，无定形固体的机械性质与晶体固体显著不同。例如，虽然晶体材料往往是脆性的，容易断裂，但无定形固体可以表现出更大的柔韧性和韧性。这使得它们在耐用性和抗冲击性至关重要的应用中理想。各种行业，包括建筑、包装和消费品，广泛使用这种材料的组合属性。总之，理解无定形固体的概念对于掌握我们日常生活中遇到的多种材料至关重要。它们的独特特性，如缺乏晶体结构、独特的光学特性和增强的机械韧性，使其在众多应用中具有不可或缺的价值。随着材料科学研究的不断发展，我们可以期待进一步发现无定形固体的创新用途，进一步证明它们在现代科技和工业中的重要性。