metallic bond

简明释义

金属键

英英释义

例句

1.The strength of a metal is largely due to the presence of a metallic bond 金属键 that allows atoms to slide past each other without breaking.

金属的强度主要是由于存在一个金属键 金属键，使得原子能够相互滑动而不破裂。

2.When heated, the metallic bond 金属键 in metals can weaken, allowing them to be shaped more easily.

加热时，金属中的金属键 金属键 可能会减弱，使其更容易成型。

3.The unique properties of metals can be attributed to their metallic bond 金属键, which provides both strength and ductility.

金属的独特性质可以归因于它们的金属键 金属键，这提供了强度和延展性。

4.In electrical conductors, the metallic bond 金属键 facilitates the free movement of electrons.

在电导体中，金属键 金属键 有助于电子的自由移动。

5.Alloys are created by combining different metals, which alters the metallic bond 金属键 characteristics.

合金是通过组合不同的金属来创建的，这改变了金属键 金属键 的特性。

作文

The concept of a metallic bond is fundamental in understanding the properties of metals and their applications in various fields. A metallic bond is a type of chemical bond that occurs between metal atoms. In this bond, electrons are not shared or transferred between individual atoms as they are in ionic or covalent bonds. Instead, the electrons are delocalized and free to move throughout the entire structure, creating a 'sea of electrons' that holds the positively charged metal ions together. This unique arrangement of electrons gives metals their characteristic properties, such as electrical conductivity, malleability, and ductility.One of the most significant features of a metallic bond is its ability to conduct electricity. The delocalized electrons can move freely when an electric field is applied, allowing metals to carry electric current efficiently. This property makes metals essential for electrical wiring and electronic components. For example, copper, which has excellent metallic bonding, is widely used in electrical applications due to its high conductivity.Moreover, the malleability and ductility of metals can also be attributed to the nature of the metallic bond. When force is applied to a metal, the layers of atoms can slide over each other without breaking the overall structure. This is because the delocalized electrons can adjust and redistribute themselves, maintaining the bond between the positively charged metal ions. As a result, metals can be hammered into thin sheets (malleability) or drawn into wires (ductility) without losing their integrity.In contrast, non-metallic materials typically have different types of bonding, which do not allow for such flexibility. This difference in bonding is why metals are often chosen for construction and manufacturing purposes where strength and flexibility are required. The metallic bond provides a balance between strength and ductility, making metals suitable for a wide range of applications, from structural beams in buildings to intricate components in machinery.Additionally, the strength of a metallic bond varies among different metals, depending on the number of valence electrons available for bonding. For instance, transition metals, which have more delocalized electrons, often exhibit stronger metallic bonds compared to alkali metals. This variance in bond strength can influence the physical properties of the metal, including its melting point and hardness.Understanding the metallic bond is crucial for materials science and engineering. Researchers continue to explore how altering the characteristics of metallic bonds can lead to the development of new alloys and advanced materials with enhanced properties. For example, by adding other elements to a base metal, scientists can create alloys that possess improved strength, corrosion resistance, or thermal stability. These advancements are vital in industries such as aerospace, automotive, and electronics, where material performance is critical.In conclusion, the metallic bond is a key concept in chemistry and materials science that explains many of the unique properties of metals. Its ability to facilitate electrical conductivity, malleability, and ductility makes it indispensable in various applications. As technology advances, our understanding of metallic bonds will continue to evolve, leading to innovative materials and solutions that can meet the demands of modern society.

金属键的概念在理解金属的性质及其在各个领域的应用中是基础性的。金属键是一种发生在金属原子之间的化学键。在这种键中，电子并不像在离子键或共价键中那样被共享或转移。相反，电子是去局域化的，可以在整个结构中自由移动，形成一个“电子海”，将带正电荷的金属离子结合在一起。这种独特的电子排列赋予了金属其特征性质，如导电性、延展性和可锻性。金属键最显著的特征之一是其导电能力。去局域化的电子在施加电场时可以自由移动，使金属能够高效地传导电流。这一特性使得金属在电线和电子元件中至关重要。例如，铜由于其出色的金属键，广泛用于电气应用，因为其导电性很高。此外，金属的可锻性和延展性也可以归因于金属键的性质。当力施加到金属上时，原子层可以相互滑动，而不会破坏整体结构。这是因为去局域化的电子可以调整并重新分配自身，保持带正电金属离子之间的键。因此，金属可以被锤打成薄片（可锻性）或拉成细丝（延展性），而不会失去其完整性。相比之下，非金属材料通常具有不同类型的键合，这不允许如此灵活。这种键合的差异是金属常常被选用于建筑和制造需要强度和灵活性的目的的原因。金属键提供了强度和延展性之间的平衡，使金属适用于从建筑物的结构梁到机械中的精密组件等广泛应用。此外，金属键的强度在不同的金属之间有所不同，取决于可用于键合的价电子数量。例如，过渡金属具有更多的去局域化电子，通常表现出比碱金属更强的金属键。这种键强度的差异可能影响金属的物理性质，包括其熔点和硬度。理解金属键对材料科学和工程至关重要。研究人员继续探索如何通过改变金属键的特性来开发新合金和具有增强性能的先进材料。例如，通过向基金属中添加其他元素，科学家可以创造出具有改善强度、耐腐蚀性或热稳定性的合金。这些进展在航空航天、汽车和电子等行业中至关重要，因为材料性能至关重要。总之，金属键是化学和材料科学中的一个关键概念，解释了金属的许多独特性质。其促进导电性、可锻性和延展性的能力使其在各种应用中不可或缺。随着科技的进步，我们对金属键的理解将继续发展，导致创新材料和解决方案的出现，以满足现代社会的需求。