transition metal

简明释义

过渡金属

英英释义

例句

1.Many transition metals 过渡金属 form colorful compounds, making them useful in dyes and pigments.

许多过渡金属形成色彩丰富的化合物，使它们在染料和颜料中非常有用。

2.Iron is a common example of a transition metal 过渡金属 that is widely used in construction.

铁是一个常见的过渡金属，广泛用于建筑。

3.Copper, a transition metal 过渡金属, is excellent for electrical wiring due to its conductivity.

铜是一种优秀的电线材料，因为它的导电性，属于过渡金属。

4.The catalytic properties of transition metals 过渡金属 make them essential in industrial chemical reactions.

由于其催化特性，过渡金属在工业化学反应中至关重要。

5.Nickel is often used to make stainless steel, as it is a transition metal 过渡金属 that enhances corrosion resistance.

镍通常用于制造不锈钢，因为它是一种增强抗腐蚀性的过渡金属。

作文

The term transition metal refers to a group of metallic elements found in the d-block of the periodic table. These elements, including iron, copper, and nickel, are known for their ability to form variable oxidation states and complex ions. The unique properties of transition metals make them essential in various chemical reactions and industrial applications. For instance, they often serve as catalysts, speeding up chemical processes without being consumed in the reaction. This characteristic is particularly important in the production of ammonia through the Haber process, where iron acts as a catalyst to increase efficiency. One of the most fascinating aspects of transition metals is their ability to form colored compounds. This occurs due to the presence of partially filled d-orbitals, which allow for electronic transitions that absorb specific wavelengths of light. For example, copper sulfate appears blue because it absorbs certain wavelengths in the red spectrum, reflecting blue light. This property not only has implications in chemistry but also plays a significant role in art, where pigments containing transition metals are used to create vibrant colors.The magnetic properties of transition metals are another area of interest. Many of these metals, such as iron, cobalt, and nickel, exhibit ferromagnetism, meaning they can be magnetized and retain their magnetic properties even after the external magnetic field is removed. This makes them invaluable in the manufacturing of magnets and electronic devices. Additionally, the complex behavior of transition metals in terms of magnetism is a subject of extensive research, especially in the field of materials science, where new alloys and compounds are developed for advanced technologies.In biology, transition metals play crucial roles as well. For instance, iron is a key component of hemoglobin, the protein responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood. Similarly, copper is vital for various enzymatic reactions in living organisms. The study of how transition metals interact with biological systems has led to significant advancements in medicine, particularly in understanding diseases related to metal ion imbalances, such as Wilson's disease, which involves copper accumulation in the body.Despite their importance, transition metals can also pose environmental challenges. Mining and processing these metals can lead to pollution and habitat destruction. Furthermore, the release of heavy metals into ecosystems can have detrimental effects on wildlife and human health. Therefore, sustainable practices in the extraction and use of transition metals are essential to minimize their ecological footprint. In conclusion, transition metals are a vital category of elements that possess unique properties and play significant roles in various fields, from chemistry and biology to industry and technology. Their ability to form colorful compounds, act as catalysts, and participate in biological processes highlights their importance. However, it is equally crucial to address the environmental impact associated with their use. As we continue to explore the potential of transition metals, responsible management and innovative approaches will be key to harnessing their benefits while protecting our planet.

“过渡金属”一词是指周期表中d区的一组金属元素。这些元素，包括铁、铜和镍，以其能够形成可变氧化态和复杂离子而著称。“过渡金属”的独特性质使它们在各种化学反应和工业应用中至关重要。例如，它们常常充当催化剂，加速化学过程而不被消耗。这一特性在通过哈伯法生产氨的过程中尤为重要，其中铁作为催化剂，提高了效率。“过渡金属”最引人注目的方面之一是它们能够形成有色化合物。这是由于部分填充的d轨道的存在，允许电子跃迁吸收特定波长的光。例如，硫酸铜呈蓝色，因为它吸收红光谱中的某些波长，反射蓝光。这个特性不仅在化学中有影响，也在艺术中发挥着重要作用，其中含有“过渡金属”的颜料用于创造生动的颜色。“过渡金属”的磁性也是一个备受关注的领域。许多这些金属，如铁、钴和镍，表现出铁磁性，这意味着它们可以被磁化，并在外部磁场去除后保持其磁性。这使得它们在制造磁铁和电子设备中不可或缺。此外，“过渡金属”的复杂磁性行为是材料科学领域广泛研究的主题，新的合金和化合物正在为先进技术开发。在生物学中，“过渡金属”同样扮演着关键角色。例如，铁是血红蛋白的关键成分，血红蛋白负责在血液中运输氧气。同样，铜对于活生物体中的各种酶促反应至关重要。研究“过渡金属”如何与生物系统相互作用，已导致医学领域的重大进展，特别是在理解与金属离子失衡相关的疾病方面，如威尔逊病，该病涉及体内铜的积累。尽管“过渡金属”很重要，但它们也可能带来环境挑战。开采和加工这些金属可能导致污染和栖息地破坏。此外，重金属释放到生态系统中可能对野生动物和人类健康产生不利影响。因此，在提取和使用“过渡金属”时采用可持续的做法对于最小化其生态足迹至关重要。总之，“过渡金属”是一类重要的元素，具有独特的性质，并在化学、生物学、工业和技术等各个领域发挥着重要作用。它们形成彩色化合物、作为催化剂以及参与生物过程的能力突显了它们的重要性。然而，同样重要的是要解决与其使用相关的环境影响。随着我们继续探索“过渡金属”的潜力，负责任的管理和创新的方法将是利用其好处的关键，同时保护我们的星球。