proportional limit

简明释义

比例极限

英英释义

例句

1.In mechanical engineering, understanding the proportional limit helps predict how materials will behave under load.

在机械工程中，了解比例极限有助于预测材料在负载下的行为。

2.When designing structures, it's crucial to know the proportional limit of the materials used to ensure safety.

在设计结构时，了解所用材料的比例极限是确保安全的关键。

3.In engineering, the proportional limit refers to the maximum stress that a material can withstand while still exhibiting a linear relationship between stress and strain.

在工程学中，比例极限指的是材料在应力与应变之间仍然表现出线性关系时可以承受的最大应力。

4.Exceeding the proportional limit can lead to permanent deformation of the material.

超过比例极限可能会导致材料的永久变形。

5.The proportional limit is often determined through tensile testing in materials science.

在材料科学中，比例极限通常通过拉伸测试来确定。

作文

In the study of materials science and engineering, understanding the mechanical properties of materials is crucial. One key concept that engineers and scientists often encounter is the proportional limit. The proportional limit refers to the maximum stress that a material can withstand while still exhibiting elastic behavior. Beyond this limit, the material begins to deform plastically, meaning it will not return to its original shape once the load is removed. This characteristic is vital for designing structures and components that must endure various loads without permanent deformation.The importance of the proportional limit can be illustrated through the example of a steel beam used in construction. When engineers design buildings, they must ensure that the materials used can support the weight of the structure and any additional loads, such as furniture, equipment, and even people. By knowing the proportional limit of steel, engineers can calculate how much weight the beam can safely carry without undergoing irreversible changes to its shape.In practical applications, the proportional limit is determined through tensile testing, where a sample of the material is subjected to increasing amounts of stress until it reaches the point of yielding. The results from these tests provide critical data that inform engineers about the limits of the materials they work with. For instance, if a steel beam has a proportional limit of 250 megapascals (MPa), it means that the beam can safely support loads up to that stress level without deforming permanently.Understanding the proportional limit is not only essential for ensuring safety but also for optimizing material usage. Engineers strive to use materials efficiently, selecting those with appropriate proportional limits for specific applications. This careful selection helps in minimizing waste and reducing costs while maintaining structural integrity. For example, using a lighter material with a lower proportional limit may be suitable for non-load-bearing walls, whereas a stronger material with a higher proportional limit is necessary for load-bearing columns.Moreover, the proportional limit plays a significant role in the development of new materials. As researchers explore innovative materials like composites or advanced alloys, understanding their proportional limits helps in predicting how these materials will behave under stress. This knowledge is crucial for industries ranging from aerospace to automotive, where performance and safety are paramount.In conclusion, the proportional limit is a fundamental concept in materials science that has far-reaching implications in engineering and design. It allows engineers to predict how materials will perform under stress, ensuring safety and efficiency in construction and manufacturing. By understanding and applying the principles associated with the proportional limit, engineers can create structures and products that meet the demands of modern society while minimizing risks and maximizing resource utilization.

在材料科学和工程的研究中，理解材料的机械性能至关重要。工程师和科学家经常遇到的一个关键概念是比例极限。比例极限指的是材料在仍然表现出弹性行为时能够承受的最大应力。超出这个极限，材料开始发生塑性变形，这意味着一旦去掉负载，材料将不会恢复到原来的形状。这个特性对于设计必须承受各种负载而不发生永久变形的结构和组件至关重要。比例极限的重要性可以通过钢梁在建筑中的应用来说明。当工程师设计建筑物时，他们必须确保所使用的材料能够支撑结构的重量以及任何额外的负载，如家具、设备甚至人。通过了解钢的比例极限，工程师可以计算出梁在不发生不可逆形变的情况下可以安全承载的重量。在实际应用中，比例极限是通过拉伸测试确定的，在该测试中，材料样本在施加逐渐增加的应力直至达到屈服点。来自这些测试的结果提供了重要的数据，告知工程师他们所使用材料的极限。例如，如果一根钢梁的比例极限为250兆帕（MPa），这意味着该梁可以安全地承载高达该应力水平的负载而不会发生永久变形。理解比例极限不仅对确保安全至关重要，还对优化材料的使用至关重要。工程师努力高效使用材料，为特定应用选择具有适当比例极限的材料。这种精心选择有助于减少浪费和降低成本，同时保持结构完整性。例如，使用一种具有较低比例极限的轻质材料可能适用于非承重墙，而具有较高比例极限的更强材料则是承重柱所必需的。此外，比例极限在新材料的开发中也发挥着重要作用。当研究人员探索复合材料或先进合金等创新材料时，了解其比例极限有助于预测这些材料在应力下的表现。这些知识对于航空航天、汽车等行业至关重要，在这些行业中，性能和安全至关重要。总之，比例极限是材料科学中的一个基本概念，对工程和设计有深远的影响。它使工程师能够预测材料在应力下的表现，从而确保建筑和制造的安全性和效率。通过理解和应用与比例极限相关的原则，工程师可以创建满足现代社会需求的结构和产品，同时最大限度地降低风险和提高资源利用率。