metastable equilibrium

简明释义

亚稳平衡

英英释义

例句

1.In ecology, populations can be in a metastable equilibrium 亚稳态平衡 where they fluctuate around a certain size without going extinct.

在生态学中，种群可以处于亚稳态平衡，在某一规模上波动而不灭绝。

2.In the study of phase transitions, a system can exist in a metastable equilibrium 亚稳态平衡 for a long time before transitioning to a more stable state.

在相变研究中，系统可以在亚稳态平衡中存在很长时间，然后转变为更稳定的状态。

3.The concept of metastable equilibrium 亚稳态平衡 is crucial in understanding the stability of certain atomic nuclei.

理解某些原子核的稳定性时，亚稳态平衡的概念至关重要。

4.Chemical reactions often reach a metastable equilibrium 亚稳态平衡 where the reactants and products are present but not in their most stable forms.

化学反应通常达到亚稳态平衡，此时反应物和产物都存在，但并不处于其最稳定的形式。

5.The glassy state of certain materials is an example of metastable equilibrium 亚稳态平衡 where the material does not crystallize despite being below its melting point.

某些材料的玻璃态是亚稳态平衡的一个例子，尽管低于其熔点，但材料并未结晶。

作文

In the realm of physics and chemistry, the concept of metastable equilibrium plays a crucial role in understanding the behavior of systems under certain conditions. A metastable equilibrium refers to a state where a system is stable but not in its lowest energy state. This means that while the system appears to be at rest, it has the potential to transition to a more stable state if perturbed. This phenomenon can be observed in various natural processes, including phase transitions and chemical reactions.To illustrate this concept, consider the example of water at different temperatures. When water is cooled below freezing, it may remain in a liquid state despite being below its freezing point. This is an instance of metastable equilibrium, where the water is stable as a liquid but is not in its most stable form, which would be ice. The liquid water can exist in this state until it is disturbed, such as by introducing a seed crystal of ice or by lowering the temperature further, prompting a rapid transition to solid ice.Another example can be found in the field of thermodynamics. A supersaturated solution is a classic case of metastable equilibrium. In this scenario, a solution contains more solute than it can theoretically hold at a given temperature. The solution remains clear and stable, yet it is on the verge of crystallization. If a small disturbance occurs, such as the introduction of a tiny particle, the solution can quickly transition to a more stable state by precipitating the excess solute. This illustrates how systems at metastable equilibrium can be sensitive to external influences.The implications of metastable equilibrium extend beyond simple examples; they are significant in various fields, including materials science, geology, and even biology. In materials science, understanding metastable equilibrium is essential for developing new materials with desirable properties. For instance, certain alloys can be designed to maintain a metastable equilibrium that allows them to exhibit unique mechanical properties, making them suitable for specific applications.In geology, the concept helps explain phenomena such as volcanic eruptions. Magma can exist in a metastable equilibrium beneath the Earth's surface, remaining in a molten state until pressure builds up enough to trigger an eruption. This understanding aids scientists in predicting volcanic activity and assessing risks.Biologically, many processes rely on metastable equilibrium states. For example, proteins often fold into complex structures that are not necessarily the most stable conformation. These metastable forms can play critical roles in biological functions, such as enzyme activity and cellular signaling. Understanding these states can lead to advancements in drug design and therapeutic interventions.In conclusion, the concept of metastable equilibrium is fundamental in various scientific disciplines. It highlights the delicate balance between stability and the potential for change within systems. By studying metastable equilibrium, researchers can gain insights into the behavior of materials, geological processes, and biological mechanisms. This understanding not only enriches our knowledge of the natural world but also drives innovation in technology and medicine, showcasing the importance of this intriguing phenomenon in both theoretical and practical applications.

在物理和化学领域，亚稳态平衡的概念在理解系统在特定条件下的行为中发挥着至关重要的作用。亚稳态平衡指的是一个系统处于稳定状态，但并不是其最低能量状态。这意味着，虽然系统看起来是静止的，但如果受到扰动，它有可能转变为更稳定的状态。这种现象可以在各种自然过程中观察到，包括相变和化学反应。为了说明这一概念，可以考虑水在不同温度下的例子。当水被冷却到冰点以下时，它可能仍然保持液态，尽管其温度低于冰点。这就是亚稳态平衡的一个实例，其中水作为液体是稳定的，但并不是其最稳定的形式，最稳定的形式是冰。液态水可以在这种状态下存在，直到受到干扰，例如引入冰的种子晶体或进一步降低温度，促使其迅速转变为固态冰。另一个例子可以在热力学领域找到。过饱和溶液是亚稳态平衡的经典案例。在这种情况下，溶液中所含的溶质超过了在给定温度下理论上可以容纳的量。溶液保持清澈和稳定，但它处于结晶的边缘。如果发生小扰动，例如引入微小颗粒，溶液可以通过沉淀多余的溶质迅速转变为更稳定的状态。这说明了处于亚稳态平衡的系统对外部影响的敏感性。亚稳态平衡的意义超出了简单的例子；它在材料科学、地质学甚至生物学等多个领域都具有重要性。在材料科学中，理解亚稳态平衡对于开发具有理想特性的材料至关重要。例如，某些合金可以设计成维持亚稳态平衡，使其展现出独特的机械性能，适合特定应用。在地质学中，这一概念有助于解释火山喷发等现象。岩浆可以在地球表面下以亚稳态平衡的形式存在，保持熔融状态，直到压力足够大以触发喷发。这一理解帮助科学家预测火山活动并评估风险。在生物学上，许多过程依赖于亚稳态平衡状态。例如，蛋白质通常折叠成复杂的结构，这些结构不一定是最稳定的构象。这些亚稳态形式在生物功能中可能发挥关键作用，例如酶活性和细胞信号传导。理解这些状态可以推动药物设计和治疗干预的进展。总之，亚稳态平衡的概念在各个科学学科中都是基础性的。它突显了系统内稳定性与变化潜力之间的微妙平衡。通过研究亚稳态平衡，研究人员可以深入了解材料行为、地质过程和生物机制。这一理解不仅丰富了我们对自然世界的认识，还推动了技术和医学的创新，展示了这一引人入胜的现象在理论和实践应用中的重要性。