metallic bond

简明释义

金属结合剂

英英释义

例句

1.Gold's metallic bond 金属键 contributes to its lustrous appearance and resistance to corrosion.

黄金的金属键使其具有光泽外观和抗腐蚀能力。

2.Copper is widely used in electrical wiring due to its strong metallic bond 金属键 and excellent conductivity.

铜因其强大的金属键和优良的导电性而广泛用于电线。

3.The strength of a metallic bond 金属键 allows metals to conduct electricity efficiently.

金属的金属键使其能够有效地导电。

4.The properties of alloys can be explained by the nature of the metallic bond 金属键 between different metal atoms.

合金的性质可以通过不同金属原子之间的金属键的特性来解释。

5.In a metallic bond 金属键, electrons are shared among many atoms, contributing to the malleability of metals.

在金属键中，电子在多个原子之间共享，这使得金属具有延展性。

作文

The concept of a metallic bond is fundamental to understanding the properties of metals and their behavior in various applications. A metallic bond is a type of chemical bond that occurs between metal atoms, characterized by the sharing of free electrons among a lattice of positively charged metal ions. This electron 'sea' model explains many of the unique physical properties of metals, such as electrical conductivity, malleability, and ductility.When we think about metals, we often consider their ability to conduct electricity. This property is largely due to the presence of a metallic bond. In a metal, the outermost electrons are not bound to any particular atom but are instead delocalized and can move freely throughout the structure. This mobility allows metals to conduct electric current efficiently, making them essential materials in electrical wiring and electronic devices.Another important characteristic of metals is their malleability—the ability to be hammered or rolled into thin sheets without breaking. The metallic bond contributes to this property by allowing layers of atoms to slide over one another without disrupting the overall structure. When a force is applied to a metal, the delocalized electrons can adjust their positions, enabling the metal to deform rather than fracture. This property is crucial in manufacturing processes, where metals are shaped into various forms for construction, automotive, and aerospace applications.Ductility is closely related to malleability and refers to a metal's ability to be drawn into wires. The presence of a metallic bond facilitates this process as well. When a metal is stretched, the metallic bonds allow the metal atoms to rearrange while maintaining the integrity of the material. This property is particularly important in industries that require long, continuous strands of metal, such as electrical wiring and cables.In addition to these mechanical properties, the metallic bond also plays a significant role in determining the thermal conductivity of metals. Metals are generally good conductors of heat, which can be attributed to the same delocalized electrons responsible for electrical conductivity. As these electrons move through the metal lattice, they transfer kinetic energy, allowing heat to flow rapidly through the material. This property is vital in applications where efficient heat transfer is necessary, such as in cooking utensils and heat exchangers.Furthermore, the strength of a metallic bond varies among different metals, influencing their overall hardness and durability. Transition metals, for example, tend to have stronger metallic bonds due to their ability to form multiple oxidation states and complex electron configurations. This results in materials that are not only strong but also resistant to corrosion and wear, making them ideal for use in demanding environments.In conclusion, the metallic bond is a key factor in the unique properties of metals, including electrical and thermal conductivity, malleability, and ductility. Understanding this bond helps us appreciate the versatility and utility of metals in our daily lives and various industries. As technology advances, the application of metals continues to evolve, driven by the fundamental principles of metallic bonding that govern their behavior.

金属键的概念是理解金属性质及其在各种应用中行为的基础。金属键是一种发生在金属原子之间的化学键，其特征是自由电子在带正电的金属离子晶格之间的共享。这种电子“海”模型解释了金属的许多独特物理性质，例如电导率、延展性和可锻性。当我们想到金属时，我们常常考虑它们导电的能力。这一特性主要归因于金属中存在的金属键。在金属中，最外层的电子并不绑定于任何特定原子，而是被去局域化，可以在整个结构中自由移动。这种流动性使金属能够有效地导电，因此在电线和电子设备中成为必不可少的材料。金属的另一个重要特性是其可锻性——在不破裂的情况下被锤打或轧制成薄片的能力。金属键通过允许原子层在彼此之间滑动而不破坏整体结构，促进了这一特性。当施加力于金属时，去局域化的电子可以调整其位置，使金属变形而不是断裂。这一特性在制造过程中至关重要，在这些过程中，金属被塑造成各种形式，用于建筑、汽车和航空航天应用。可延展性与可锻性密切相关，指的是金属被拉伸成线的能力。金属键同样促进了这个过程。当金属被拉伸时，金属原子能够重新排列，同时保持材料的完整性。这一特性在需要长、连续金属丝的行业中尤为重要，例如电线和电缆。除了这些机械属性外，金属键还在决定金属的热导率方面发挥重要作用。金属通常是良好的热导体，这可以归因于与电导率相同的去局域化电子。随着这些电子在金属晶格中移动，它们传递动能，使热量迅速通过材料流动。这一特性在高效热转移至关重要的应用中，如炊具和热交换器。此外，不同金属之间金属键的强度差异影响其整体硬度和耐久性。例如，过渡金属由于能够形成多种氧化态和复杂的电子构型，往往具有更强的金属键。这导致材料不仅强大，而且耐腐蚀和耐磨损，使其在苛刻环境中理想使用。总之，金属键是金属独特性质的关键因素，包括电导率和热导率、可锻性和可延展性。理解这种键有助于我们欣赏金属在日常生活和各个行业中的多功能性和实用性。随着技术的进步，金属的应用不断演变，驱动其行为的金属键的基本原理也在不断发展。