gray body

简明释义

灰色体

英英释义

例句

1.In thermal physics, a gray body is defined as an object that absorbs all incident radiation but emits only a fraction of that energy.

在热物理中，灰体被定义为一个吸收所有入射辐射但仅发出一部分能量的物体。

2.The concept of a gray body is crucial in understanding blackbody radiation.

灰体的概念对于理解黑体辐射至关重要。

3.The efficiency of a gray body in emitting radiation can be calculated using its emissivity factor.

灰体在发射辐射方面的效率可以通过其发射率因子计算。

4.When studying planetary atmospheres, scientists often model them as gray bodies to simplify calculations.

在研究行星大气时，科学家们通常将其建模为灰体以简化计算。

5.A gray body does not reflect any light, making it an ideal candidate for thermal experiments.

灰体不反射任何光，使其成为热实验的理想候选者。

作文

In the realm of physics, particularly in the study of thermodynamics and radiation, the term gray body refers to an idealized physical body that emits and absorbs radiation at all wavelengths. Unlike a perfect black body, which absorbs all incident radiation, a gray body has a constant emissivity less than one, meaning it reflects some portion of the incident radiation while still being capable of emitting thermal radiation. This concept is crucial for understanding how different materials interact with thermal energy. To delve deeper into the implications of a gray body, consider its role in various applications such as thermal imaging and climate modeling. In thermal imaging, objects are often treated as gray bodies to simplify calculations regarding their thermal emissions. For instance, when capturing the infrared radiation emitted by an object, knowing its emissivity allows for more accurate temperature readings. If the object is a gray body, we can apply a correction factor to account for its reflective properties, thus enhancing the precision of our thermal assessments.Furthermore, in climate science, the concept of a gray body is essential for understanding the Earth's energy balance. The Earth can be approximated as a gray body because it reflects a certain percentage of solar radiation while absorbing the rest. This absorption leads to warming, which is then re-emitted as thermal radiation. Understanding the emissivity of the Earth’s surface—whether it be land, water, or ice—is vital for predicting climate change and its various impacts. The study of gray bodies also extends to engineering applications, particularly in the design of thermal systems. Engineers often need to calculate heat transfer rates in systems where surfaces do not behave like perfect black bodies. By treating these surfaces as gray bodies, they can apply the appropriate formulas to estimate heat loss or gain accurately. This approach is particularly important in building design, where energy efficiency is paramount. Knowing how much heat a gray body will emit or absorb can inform decisions about insulation and heating systems, ultimately leading to more sustainable practices.Moreover, the concept of a gray body is not limited to theoretical discussions; it has practical implications in everyday life. For example, when choosing materials for clothing or building materials, understanding their emissivity can influence comfort levels and energy consumption. A gray body that reflects too much sunlight may keep a building cooler during the summer, while one that absorbs more heat might be preferable in colder climates.In conclusion, the concept of a gray body is integral to various fields of study, from physics to engineering and environmental science. Its ability to model the emission and absorption of radiation allows scientists and engineers to make informed decisions based on the thermal properties of materials. As we continue to explore the complexities of heat transfer and energy interaction, the understanding of gray bodies will remain a fundamental aspect of both theoretical and applied sciences.

在物理学的领域，特别是在热力学和辐射的研究中，术语灰体指的是一种理想化的物理体，它在所有波长上发射和吸收辐射。与完美黑体不同，完美黑体吸收所有入射辐射，而灰体的发射率小于1，这意味着它会反射一部分入射辐射，同时仍然能够发出热辐射。这个概念对于理解不同材料如何与热能相互作用至关重要。为了更深入地探讨灰体的意义，考虑它在热成像和气候建模等各种应用中的作用。在热成像中，物体通常被视为灰体，以简化有关其热辐射的计算。例如，当捕捉一个物体发出的红外辐射时，知道它的发射率可以使温度读数更加准确。如果该物体是灰体，我们可以应用一个修正因子来考虑它的反射特性，从而增强我们热评估的精度。此外，在气候科学中，灰体的概念对于理解地球的能量平衡至关重要。地球可以被近似为灰体，因为它反射一定比例的太阳辐射，同时吸收其余部分。这种吸收导致变暖，然后以热辐射的形式重新发射。了解地球表面的发射率——无论是陆地、水体还是冰——对于预测气候变化及其各种影响至关重要。对灰体的研究还扩展到工程应用，特别是在热系统设计中。工程师们常常需要计算在表面不表现得像完美黑体的系统中的热传递速率。通过将这些表面视为灰体，他们可以应用适当的公式来准确估算热量的损失或获得。这种方法在建筑设计中尤为重要，因为能源效率至关重要。了解一个灰体将发出或吸收多少热量可以为绝缘和供暖系统的决策提供信息，最终导致更可持续的实践。此外，灰体的概念并不限于理论讨论；它在日常生活中也具有实际意义。例如，在选择服装或建筑材料时，了解它们的发射率可以影响舒适度和能源消耗。一个反射过多阳光的灰体可能会在夏季使建筑保持较凉，而一个吸收更多热量的灰体在寒冷气候中可能更为理想。总之，灰体的概念在多个研究领域中都是不可或缺的，从物理学到工程学再到环境科学。它对辐射的发射和吸收建模的能力使科学家和工程师能够根据材料的热特性做出明智的决策。随着我们继续探索热传递和能量相互作用的复杂性，对灰体的理解将始终是理论和应用科学的基本方面。