equivalent mass

简明释义

等价质量

英英释义

例句

1.In chemistry, the concept of equivalent mass is crucial for stoichiometric calculations.

在化学中，当量质量的概念对化学计量计算至关重要。

2.The equivalent mass of a substance can be calculated by dividing its molar mass by the number of reactive units.

一种物质的当量质量可以通过将其摩尔质量除以反应单位的数量来计算。

3.The equivalent mass of a base is essential for neutralization reactions with acids.

碱的当量质量对于与酸的中和反应是必不可少的。

4.To determine the equivalent mass of an acid, you need to know its molecular weight and the number of protons it can donate.

要确定一种酸的当量质量，你需要知道它的分子量和它可以释放的质子数量。

5.In a titration experiment, knowing the equivalent mass of the titrant helps in calculating the concentration of the analyte.

在滴定实验中，知道滴定剂的当量质量有助于计算分析物的浓度。

作文

In the realm of chemistry and physics, the concept of equivalent mass plays a crucial role in understanding reactions and stoichiometry. The term equivalent mass refers to the mass of a substance that will combine with or displace one mole of hydrogen atoms or half a mole of oxygen atoms in a chemical reaction. This definition is essential for chemists as it allows them to calculate the amounts of reactants needed for a reaction to proceed efficiently.To illustrate the significance of equivalent mass, consider a simple acid-base neutralization reaction. When hydrochloric acid (HCl) reacts with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), they produce water and sodium chloride (NaCl). In this reaction, the equivalent mass of HCl is determined by its molar mass divided by the number of hydrogen ions it can donate. Since HCl can donate one hydrogen ion, its equivalent mass is equal to its molar mass, which is approximately 36.5 grams per mole. Therefore, if a chemist wants to neutralize 0.1 moles of NaOH, they would need an equivalent amount of HCl, which is 3.65 grams.Understanding equivalent mass is not limited to just acid-base reactions; it extends to redox reactions as well. In redox reactions, substances are oxidized or reduced, and their equivalent mass can be calculated based on the number of electrons transferred during the reaction. For example, in the reaction of zinc with copper sulfate, zinc is oxidized, and the equivalent mass of zinc is calculated by dividing its molar mass by the number of electrons lost in the reaction. Zinc has a molar mass of approximately 65.4 grams per mole, and since it loses two electrons, its equivalent mass is 32.7 grams. This information is vital for determining how much zinc is required to completely react with a given amount of copper sulfate.Moreover, the concept of equivalent mass is also applicable in biological systems. For instance, when considering the metabolism of nutrients, we can use equivalent mass to determine the amount of energy produced from different macromolecules. Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats all have different equivalent masses based on their chemical structures and how they are utilized by the body. By knowing these values, nutritionists can formulate diets that provide the necessary energy for individuals based on their activity levels and health goals.In conclusion, the idea of equivalent mass is fundamental to various fields of science, from chemistry to biology. It provides a quantitative way to measure how substances interact in chemical reactions, allowing for precise calculations and predictions. Whether it is in the laboratory or in everyday life, understanding equivalent mass enables scientists and individuals alike to make informed decisions about the materials they use and the reactions they conduct. As we continue to explore the complexities of the natural world, the concept of equivalent mass will undoubtedly remain a cornerstone of scientific inquiry and application.

在化学和物理学的领域中，当量质量的概念在理解反应和化学计量方面起着至关重要的作用。术语当量质量指的是一种物质的质量，它将与或置换一个摩尔的氢原子或半个摩尔的氧原子在化学反应中结合。这一定义对于化学家来说至关重要，因为它使他们能够计算反应所需的反应物的量，以便有效进行。为了说明当量质量的重要性，考虑一个简单的酸碱中和反应。当盐酸（HCl）与氢氧化钠（NaOH）反应时，它们产生水和氯化钠（NaCl）。在这个反应中，HCl的当量质量由其摩尔质量除以它可以释放的氢离子的数量来确定。由于HCl可以释放一个氢离子，因此其当量质量等于其摩尔质量，约为每摩尔36.5克。因此，如果化学家想要中和0.1摩尔的NaOH，他们需要相应量的HCl，即3.65克。理解当量质量不仅限于酸碱反应；它还扩展到氧化还原反应。在氧化还原反应中，物质被氧化或还原，其当量质量可以根据反应中转移的电子数量来计算。例如，在锌与硫酸铜的反应中，锌被氧化，锌的当量质量通过其摩尔质量除以反应中失去的电子数量来计算。锌的摩尔质量约为每摩尔65.4克，由于它失去了两个电子，因此其当量质量为32.7克。这些信息对于确定需要多少锌才能完全与给定量的硫酸铜反应至关重要。此外，当量质量的概念也适用于生物系统。例如，在考虑营养物质的代谢时，我们可以使用当量质量来确定从不同大分子中产生的能量量。碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪根据其化学结构及其在体内的利用方式具有不同的当量质量。通过了解这些值，营养师可以制定饮食，以根据个人的活动水平和健康目标提供必要的能量。总之，当量质量的概念是科学各个领域的基础，从化学到生物学。它提供了一种定量测量物质在化学反应中相互作用的方法，使精确的计算和预测成为可能。无论是在实验室还是在日常生活中，理解当量质量使科学家和个人能够就他们使用的材料和进行的反应做出明智的决策。随着我们继续探索自然世界的复杂性，当量质量的概念无疑将始终是科学研究和应用的基石。