decay heat

简明释义

衰变热

英英释义

例句

1.The nuclear reactor must be designed to safely manage the decay heat, which is the heat released from the radioactive decay of nuclear fuel.

核反应堆必须设计得能够安全管理衰变热，即来自核燃料放射性衰变释放的热量。

2.During an emergency, understanding the decay heat generation can help in formulating effective response strategies.

在紧急情况下，了解衰变热的产生可以帮助制定有效的应对策略。

3.Engineers calculate the decay heat to determine the cooling requirements for spent fuel pools.

工程师计算衰变热以确定乏燃料池的冷却需求。

4.After a reactor is shut down, the decay heat continues to pose a risk if not properly cooled.

反应堆关闭后，如果不进行适当冷却，衰变热仍然会构成风险。

5.The management of decay heat is crucial for the safety of nuclear waste storage facilities.

对衰变热的管理对核废料储存设施的安全至关重要。

作文

In the realm of nuclear physics and engineering, the concept of decay heat plays a crucial role in understanding the behavior of radioactive materials. Decay heat refers to the residual heat that is generated from the radioactive decay of fission products and actinides after a nuclear reactor has been shut down. This phenomenon is particularly significant in the context of nuclear power plants, where the management of decay heat is essential for ensuring safety and preventing overheating of the reactor core.When a nuclear reactor operates, it generates a substantial amount of heat through the process of nuclear fission. However, even after the reactor is turned off, the fission products continue to undergo radioactive decay, releasing energy in the form of heat. This heat, known as decay heat, can remain significant for hours, days, or even weeks following the shutdown of the reactor. The intensity of decay heat decreases over time but can initially be several percent of the reactor's full power output.For instance, immediately after shutdown, decay heat can account for approximately 6-7% of the reactor's thermal power. This percentage diminishes rapidly in the first few hours but remains a critical factor for the cooling systems designed to remove this heat. If the decay heat is not adequately managed, it can lead to overheating of the reactor core, potentially causing damage to the fuel rods and other structural components.To mitigate the risks associated with decay heat, nuclear facilities are equipped with robust cooling systems that must remain operational even after the reactor is offline. These systems are designed to circulate coolant around the reactor core, effectively dissipating the heat generated by decay heat. The importance of these cooling systems was highlighted during the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster in 2011, where failures in cooling led to significant releases of radioactive materials due to overheating related to decay heat.Understanding decay heat is also vital for the design and operation of spent fuel pools, where used nuclear fuel is stored after being removed from the reactor. The decay heat produced by the spent fuel must be carefully monitored and managed to prevent the water in the pool from boiling away, which could expose the fuel rods and lead to catastrophic consequences.In conclusion, decay heat is a fundamental concept in the field of nuclear energy that underscores the need for effective heat management strategies in nuclear reactors. As we continue to explore and expand our use of nuclear technology, a thorough understanding of decay heat will be essential for ensuring the safety and efficiency of nuclear power generation. Engineers and scientists must prioritize research and development in this area to enhance the resilience of nuclear systems against potential failures and to maintain public trust in the safety of nuclear energy as a viable power source for the future.

在核物理和工程领域，衰变热的概念在理解放射性材料的行为方面发挥着至关重要的作用。衰变热指的是在核反应堆关闭后，由裂变产物和锕系元素的放射性衰变产生的残余热量。这个现象在核电厂的背景下尤为重要，因为管理衰变热对于确保安全和防止反应堆核心过热至关重要。当核反应堆运行时，通过核裂变过程会产生大量热量。然而，即使在反应堆关闭后，裂变产物仍然继续经历放射性衰变，释放出以热的形式存在的能量。这种热量被称为衰变热，在反应堆关闭后的数小时、数天甚至数周内仍然可能相当显著。衰变热的强度随时间的推移而降低，但在冷却系统的设计中，它仍然是一个关键因素，这些系统旨在去除这种热量。如果没有适当地管理衰变热，可能会导致反应堆核心过热，进而可能损坏燃料棒和其他结构组件。例如，在关闭后立即，衰变热大约占反应堆热功率的6-7%。这个百分比在头几小时迅速减少，但对于设计用于去除这种热量的冷却系统来说仍然是一个关键因素。2011年福岛第一核电站核灾难期间，冷却系统的故障导致与衰变热相关的过热，造成了大量放射性物质的释放，这突显了这些冷却系统的重要性。理解衰变热对使用过的核燃料储存池的设计和操作也至关重要。在从反应堆中取出的核燃料被储存于这些池中时，产生的衰变热必须仔细监控和管理，以防止储水池中的水蒸发，这可能会暴露燃料棒并导致灾难性后果。总之，衰变热是核能领域的一个基本概念，强调了在核反应堆中有效热管理策略的必要性。随着我们继续探索和扩展核技术的使用，彻底理解衰变热将对确保核电发电的安全性和效率至关重要。工程师和科学家必须优先考虑这一领域的研究和开发，以增强核系统抵御潜在故障的能力，并维护公众对核能作为未来可行能源来源的信任。