chemical kinetics

简明释义

化学动力学

英英释义

例句

1.We used software to simulate chemical kinetics 化学动力学 for various reactions.

我们使用软件模拟了各种反应的chemical kinetics 化学动力学。

2.The course covers chemical kinetics 化学动力学 and its applications in industrial processes.

这门课程涵盖了chemical kinetics 化学动力学及其在工业过程中的应用。

3.Understanding chemical kinetics 化学动力学 is crucial for predicting reaction rates.

理解chemical kinetics 化学动力学 对于预测反应速率至关重要。

4.The study of chemical kinetics 化学动力学 helps in understanding how temperature affects reaction rates.

对chemical kinetics 化学动力学的研究有助于理解温度如何影响反应速率。

5.In the lab, we studied the chemical kinetics 化学动力学 of enzyme-catalyzed reactions.

在实验室，我们研究了酶催化反应的chemical kinetics 化学动力学。

作文

Chemical kinetics is a branch of chemistry that focuses on the rates of chemical reactions and the factors that influence those rates. Understanding chemical kinetics (化学动力学) is essential for chemists and engineers as it helps in predicting how fast a reaction will occur and under what conditions. For instance, when studying the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, knowing the rate at which it breaks down into water and oxygen can be crucial for applications ranging from industrial processes to environmental science.The study of chemical kinetics (化学动力学) involves various concepts such as reaction rate, concentration, temperature, and catalysts. Reaction rate refers to the speed at which reactants are converted into products, and it can be influenced by several factors. One of the primary factors is the concentration of the reactants; generally, an increase in concentration results in a higher reaction rate because more molecules are available to collide and react.Temperature also plays a significant role in chemical kinetics (化学动力学). Increasing the temperature usually increases the reaction rate because it provides the reactant molecules with more kinetic energy, leading to more frequent and energetic collisions. This relationship is often described by the Arrhenius equation, which shows how temperature affects the rate constant of a reaction.Another important aspect of chemical kinetics (化学动力学) is the role of catalysts. Catalysts are substances that increase the rate of a reaction without being consumed in the process. They work by providing an alternative pathway for the reaction with a lower activation energy, making it easier for the reactants to transform into products. This is particularly important in industrial chemistry, where catalysts can significantly enhance the efficiency of chemical processes.In addition to these factors, the mechanism of a reaction is also a key area of study within chemical kinetics (化学动力学). The mechanism describes the step-by-step sequence of elementary reactions that lead to the overall reaction. By understanding the mechanism, chemists can identify the rate-determining step, which is the slowest step in the reaction and therefore controls the overall rate. This insight can help in designing more effective reactions and optimizing conditions for desired outcomes.Real-world applications of chemical kinetics (化学动力学) are vast and varied. In pharmaceuticals, for instance, understanding the kinetics of drug reactions can inform dosing regimens and improve therapeutic efficacy. In environmental science, kinetics can help predict the fate of pollutants in natural waters, guiding remediation efforts. Similarly, in the field of materials science, chemical kinetics (化学动力学) is crucial for developing new materials with specific properties by controlling the rates of chemical reactions during synthesis.In conclusion, chemical kinetics (化学动力学) is a fundamental aspect of chemistry that provides valuable insights into the speed and mechanisms of chemical reactions. Its principles are applicable across various fields, making it an essential area of study for anyone involved in scientific research or industrial applications. By mastering the concepts of chemical kinetics (化学动力学), one can better understand and manipulate chemical processes, leading to innovations and advancements in technology and science.

化学动力学是化学的一个分支，专注于化学反应的速率及其影响因素。理解化学动力学(chemical kinetics)对化学家和工程师至关重要，因为它有助于预测反应发生的速度及其条件。例如，在研究过氧化氢的分解时，了解其分解为水和氧气的速率对于从工业过程到环境科学的应用都是至关重要的。化学动力学(chemical kinetics)的研究涉及多个概念，如反应速率、浓度、温度和催化剂。反应速率指的是反应物转化为产物的速度，它可以受到多种因素的影响。其中一个主要因素是反应物的浓度；通常情况下，浓度的增加会导致反应速率的提高，因为更多的分子可供碰撞和反应。温度在化学动力学(chemical kinetics)中也起着重要作用。通常，温度的升高会加速反应速率，因为它为反应物分子提供了更多的动能，导致更频繁且剧烈的碰撞。这种关系通常用阿伦尼乌斯方程描述，该方程展示了温度如何影响反应速率常数。催化剂的作用也是化学动力学(chemical kinetics)中的一个重要方面。催化剂是能够加快反应速率而不被消耗的物质。它们通过提供一种具有较低活化能的替代反应路径来工作，从而使反应物更容易转化为产物。这在工业化学中特别重要，因为催化剂可以显著提高化学过程的效率。除了这些因素，反应机制也是化学动力学(chemical kinetics)研究的关键领域。机制描述了导致整体反应的基本反应的逐步序列。通过理解机制，化学家可以识别出限速步骤，即反应中最慢的步骤，因此控制整体速率。这一见解有助于设计更有效的反应，并优化所需结果的条件。化学动力学(chemical kinetics)在现实世界中的应用广泛而多样。例如，在制药领域，理解药物反应的动力学可以为给药方案提供信息，提高治疗效果。在环境科学中，动力学可以帮助预测污染物在自然水体中的命运，从而指导修复工作。同样，在材料科学领域，化学动力学(chemical kinetics)对于通过控制合成过程中化学反应的速率来开发具有特定性能的新材料至关重要。总之，化学动力学(chemical kinetics)是化学的一个基本方面，为化学反应的速度和机制提供了宝贵的见解。它的原理适用于多个领域，使其成为任何参与科学研究或工业应用的人的重要研究领域。通过掌握化学动力学(chemical kinetics)的概念，人们可以更好地理解和操控化学过程，从而推动技术和科学的创新与进步。