atomic number

简明释义

原子序数

英英释义

例句

1.In chemistry, the atomic number 原子序数 is crucial for identifying elements.

在化学中，原子序数对于识别元素至关重要。

2.To find the atomic number 原子序数 of an element, you can refer to the periodic table.

要查找一个元素的原子序数，你可以参考元素周期表。

3.The element carbon has an atomic number 原子序数 of 6.

碳元素的原子序数是6。

4.Oxygen has an atomic number 原子序数 of 8.

氧气的原子序数是8。

5.The atomic number 原子序数 determines the number of protons in an atom.

元素的原子序数决定了一个原子中的质子数量。

作文

The concept of the atomic number is fundamental in the field of chemistry and physics. It refers to the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the element's identity and its position on the periodic table. Each element has a unique atomic number, which not only identifies the element but also dictates its chemical properties and behavior. For example, hydrogen, with an atomic number of 1, is the simplest element, consisting of just one proton and one electron. In contrast, carbon has an atomic number of 6, meaning it has six protons and six electrons, which allows it to form complex molecules essential for life.Understanding the atomic number is crucial for grasping how elements interact with one another. The arrangement of electrons around the nucleus is influenced by the atomic number, as it determines the number of electrons in a neutral atom. Elements with similar atomic numbers, particularly those in the same group of the periodic table, tend to exhibit similar chemical behaviors due to their electron configurations. This similarity can be observed in the alkali metals, where lithium (with an atomic number of 3), sodium (11), and potassium (19) all react vigorously with water, producing hydrogen gas and hydroxides.Moreover, the atomic number plays a vital role in nuclear chemistry and physics. It not only indicates the element but also helps in understanding isotopes and radioactive decay. Isotopes are variants of elements that have the same atomic number but different numbers of neutrons. For instance, carbon-12 and carbon-14 both have an atomic number of 6, but carbon-12 has six neutrons while carbon-14 has eight. This difference is significant in fields such as archaeology, where carbon dating utilizes the decay of carbon-14 to estimate the age of ancient organic materials.In addition to its scientific importance, the atomic number also has practical applications in various industries. For example, in medicine, certain elements with specific atomic numbers are used in diagnostic imaging and cancer treatment. Technetium-99m, with an atomic number of 43, is widely used in medical scans due to its suitable half-life and gamma-ray emission characteristics, allowing for effective imaging of organs and tissues.In conclusion, the atomic number is a key concept that underpins much of modern science. It is not merely a number but a gateway to understanding the nature of matter and the interactions between different elements. By studying the atomic number, we gain insights into the composition of the universe, the behavior of elements, and the intricate relationships that govern chemical reactions. Whether in a laboratory setting or in practical applications, the significance of the atomic number cannot be overstated, as it is integral to both theoretical knowledge and real-world technologies.

原子序数的概念在化学和物理学领域中是基础性的。它指的是一个原子核中所含质子的数量，这决定了元素的身份以及其在周期表中的位置。每种元素都有一个独特的原子序数，它不仅识别元素，还决定其化学性质和行为。例如，氢的原子序数为1，是最简单的元素，由一个质子和一个电子组成。相反，碳的原子序数为6，这意味着它有六个质子和六个电子，使其能够形成对生命至关重要的复杂分子。理解原子序数对于掌握元素之间的相互作用至关重要。围绕原子核的电子排列受原子序数的影响，因为它决定了中性原子中的电子数量。具有相似原子序数的元素，特别是周期表同一组中的元素，往往表现出相似的化学行为，这归因于它们的电子构型。这种相似性可以在碱金属中观察到，锂（原子序数为3）、钠（11）和钾（19）都与水剧烈反应，产生氢气和氢氧化物。此外，原子序数在核化学和物理学中也发挥着重要作用。它不仅指示元素，还帮助理解同位素和放射性衰变。同位素是具有相同原子序数但中子数不同的元素变体。例如，碳-12和碳-14都有原子序数6，但碳-12有六个中子，而碳-14有八个。这一差异在考古学等领域中具有重要意义，因为碳定年利用碳-14的衰变来估算古代有机材料的年龄。除了科学的重要性，原子序数在各个行业也有实际应用。例如，在医学中，某些具有特定原子序数的元素被用于诊断成像和癌症治疗。钼-99m（原子序数为43）因其合适的半衰期和伽马射线发射特性而广泛用于医学扫描，能够有效成像器官和组织。总之，原子序数是现代科学的一个关键概念。它不仅仅是一个数字，而是理解物质的本质和不同元素之间相互作用的门户。通过研究原子序数，我们获得了对宇宙组成、元素行为以及支配化学反应的复杂关系的深入见解。无论是在实验室环境中还是在实际应用中，原子序数的重要性都不容小觑，因为它对理论知识和现实世界技术都是不可或缺的。