neutral money supply

简明释义

中性货币供应

英英释义

例句

1.When setting interest rates, the Federal Reserve considers the current neutral money supply 中性货币供应量 to guide its decisions.

在设定利率时，美联储会考虑当前的中性货币供应量 neutral money supply来指导其决策。

2.In times of inflation, adjusting the neutral money supply 中性货币供应量 can help control price levels.

在通货膨胀时期，调整中性货币供应量 neutral money supply可以帮助控制物价水平。

3.The central bank aims to maintain a neutral money supply 中性货币供应量 to ensure stable economic growth.

中央银行旨在维持中性货币供应量 neutral money supply以确保经济稳定增长。

4.Economists debate how to accurately measure the neutral money supply 中性货币供应量 in a rapidly changing economy.

经济学家们讨论如何在快速变化的经济中准确测量中性货币供应量 neutral money supply。

5.A neutral money supply 中性货币供应量 is essential for avoiding both inflation and deflation.

保持中性货币供应量 neutral money supply对避免通货膨胀和通货紧缩至关重要。

作文

In the context of economics, the concept of neutral money supply refers to a situation where the amount of money in circulation does not influence real economic variables such as output and employment. This idea is rooted in the classical dichotomy, which separates real and nominal variables in an economy. When we talk about neutral money supply, we are essentially discussing a state where changes in the money supply do not affect the overall production capacity of the economy or the long-term growth trends. To better understand this concept, we can consider an example. Imagine a country that decides to increase its money supply significantly. Initially, this might lead to increased spending and consumption, which can boost economic activity in the short term. However, if this increase in money supply is not matched by an increase in goods and services produced, it will eventually lead to inflation. In this case, the initial benefits of increased spending would be offset by rising prices, leaving real economic output unchanged in the long run. Thus, the money supply becomes neutral concerning real economic performance.The neutral money supply theory suggests that in the long run, the economy adjusts to the changes in the money supply. For instance, if the central bank injects more money into the economy, businesses may initially respond by hiring more workers and increasing production. However, as prices rise due to increased demand, the purchasing power of money declines. Eventually, the economy reaches a new equilibrium where the real output remains constant, and the only change is in the price level. This illustrates how the neutral money supply operates in practice.Moreover, the implications of neutral money supply are significant for monetary policy. Central banks often aim to manage the money supply to stabilize the economy. Understanding that changes in the money supply may not have lasting effects on real economic variables encourages policymakers to focus on long-term strategies rather than short-term fixes. For example, if a central bank recognizes that increasing the money supply will only lead to temporary economic boosts followed by inflation, it may opt for more sustainable measures like improving productivity or investing in infrastructure.Furthermore, the notion of neutral money supply ties into the broader debate about the effectiveness of monetary policy. Some economists argue that monetary policy can be effective in the short term but ineffective in the long term due to the neutral nature of money. Others believe that well-targeted monetary interventions can help steer the economy toward desired outcomes, especially during periods of recession or economic downturns. This ongoing discourse highlights the complexity of the relationship between money supply and economic performance.In conclusion, the idea of neutral money supply serves as a critical framework for understanding the interplay between money and real economic activity. It emphasizes that while changes in the money supply can have immediate effects, the long-term impact may be neutralized by adjustments in prices and output. This understanding is essential for economists and policymakers alike as they navigate the challenges of managing economies in a dynamic and ever-changing environment.

在经济学的背景下，中性货币供应的概念指的是流通中的货币量不会影响实际经济变量，如产出和就业。这一理念根植于经典二分法，该理论将经济中的实际变量和名义变量分开。当我们谈论中性货币供应时，我们实际上是在讨论一种状态，在这种状态下，货币供应的变化不会影响经济的整体生产能力或长期增长趋势。为了更好地理解这个概念，我们可以考虑一个例子。想象一个国家决定大幅增加其货币供应。最初，这可能会导致消费和支出的增加，从而在短期内推动经济活动。然而，如果这种货币供应的增加没有与商品和服务的生产增加相匹配，它最终将导致通货膨胀。在这种情况下，增加支出的初步好处将被价格上涨所抵消，导致长期内实际经济产出保持不变。因此，货币供应在实际经济表现方面变得中性。中性货币供应理论表明，从长远来看，经济会对货币供应的变化进行调整。例如，如果中央银行向经济注入更多的货币，企业可能会最初通过雇用更多工人和增加生产来做出反应。然而，随着需求增加导致价格上涨，货币的购买力下降。最终，经济达到一个新的均衡状态，实际产出保持不变，唯一的变化是价格水平。这说明了中性货币供应在实践中的运作方式。此外，中性货币供应的含义对货币政策具有重要意义。中央银行通常旨在管理货币供应以稳定经济。理解货币供应的变化可能不会对实际经济变量产生持久影响，鼓励政策制定者关注长期战略，而不是短期修复。例如，如果中央银行认识到增加货币供应只会导致暂时的经济推动，随后出现通货膨胀，它可能会选择更可持续的措施，比如提高生产力或投资基础设施。此外，中性货币供应的概念与关于货币政策有效性的更广泛辩论相关。一些经济学家认为，货币政策在短期内可能有效，但由于货币的中性特性，在长期内可能无效。其他人则认为，针对性的货币干预可以帮助引导经济朝着期望的结果发展，特别是在经济衰退或经济低迷期间。这场持续的讨论突显了货币供应与经济表现之间关系的复杂性。总之，中性货币供应的概念为理解货币与实际经济活动之间的相互作用提供了一个关键框架。它强调，虽然货币供应的变化可以产生直接影响，但长期影响可能会因价格和产出的调整而被中和。这种理解对于经济学家和政策制定者在动态和不断变化的环境中应对管理经济的挑战至关重要。