money supply

简明释义

纸币供给量

英英释义

例句

1.The central bank decided to increase the money supply to stimulate economic growth.

中央银行决定增加货币供应量以刺激经济增长。

2.Economists often analyze changes in the money supply to predict economic trends.

经济学家通常分析货币供应量的变化以预测经济趋势。

3.An increase in the money supply can encourage consumer spending.

增加的货币供应量可以鼓励消费者支出。

4.A higher money supply can lead to inflation if not managed properly.

如果管理不当，较高的货币供应量可能导致通货膨胀。

5.The government implemented policies to control the money supply during the recession.

政府在经济衰退期间实施政策以控制货币供应量。

作文

The concept of money supply refers to the total amount of monetary assets available in an economy at a specific time. It includes various forms of money, such as cash, coins, and balances held in checking and savings accounts. Understanding the money supply is crucial for analyzing economic conditions and making informed decisions regarding fiscal and monetary policy. Central banks, like the Federal Reserve in the United States, closely monitor the money supply to manage inflation and stabilize the economy.When the money supply increases, it can lead to economic growth as consumers have more money to spend, which in turn can stimulate demand for goods and services. However, if the money supply grows too quickly, it can result in inflation, where the prices of goods and services rise, diminishing the purchasing power of money. Conversely, a decrease in the money supply can lead to deflation, which can stifle economic growth and increase unemployment rates.Central banks utilize various tools to control the money supply. One common method is adjusting interest rates. When a central bank lowers interest rates, it becomes cheaper for individuals and businesses to borrow money, thus increasing the money supply. On the other hand, raising interest rates makes borrowing more expensive, which can reduce the money supply and help combat inflation.Another tool used by central banks is open market operations, which involve buying or selling government securities. When a central bank buys securities, it injects money into the economy, increasing the money supply. Conversely, selling securities takes money out of circulation, reducing the money supply.Moreover, reserve requirements also play a significant role in determining the money supply. Banks are required to hold a certain percentage of their deposits in reserve and not lend them out. By changing these reserve requirements, central banks can influence how much money banks can create through lending, thereby impacting the overall money supply.In addition to these mechanisms, the money supply can also be affected by external factors such as economic crises, changes in consumer behavior, and international trade dynamics. For instance, during a recession, people tend to save more and spend less, which can lead to a decrease in the money supply as businesses face lower demand and may cut back on production.Understanding the relationship between the money supply and economic indicators is vital for policymakers and economists. They analyze data regarding the money supply alongside inflation rates, employment figures, and GDP growth to gauge the health of the economy and make necessary adjustments to monetary policy.In conclusion, the money supply is a fundamental aspect of economic analysis that influences various facets of the economy. Its management is essential for ensuring economic stability and growth. By comprehensively understanding the money supply, stakeholders can better navigate the complexities of economic fluctuations and contribute to sustainable economic development.

“货币供应量”这一概念是指在特定时间内经济中可用的货币资产总量。它包括现金、硬币以及存放在支票和储蓄账户中的余额等多种形式的货币。理解“货币供应量”对于分析经济状况以及在财政和货币政策方面做出明智决策至关重要。中央银行，如美国的联邦储备系统，密切监测“货币供应量”，以管理通货膨胀并稳定经济。当“货币供应量”增加时，可能会导致经济增长，因为消费者有更多的钱可以消费，这反过来又能刺激对商品和服务的需求。然而，如果“货币供应量”增长过快，可能会导致通货膨胀，即商品和服务的价格上涨，从而削弱货币的购买力。相反，“货币供应量”的减少可能会导致通货紧缩，这可能会抑制经济增长并增加失业率。中央银行利用各种工具来控制“货币供应量”。一种常见的方法是调整利率。当中央银行降低利率时，个人和企业借款的成本降低，从而增加“货币供应量”。另一方面，提高利率使借款变得更加昂贵，这可能会减少“货币供应量”，并帮助对抗通货膨胀。另一个中央银行使用的工具是公开市场操作，包括买卖政府证券。当中央银行购买证券时，它向经济注入资金，从而增加“货币供应量”。相反，出售证券则会将资金从流通中抽走，从而减少“货币供应量”。此外，准备金要求在决定“货币供应量”方面也起着重要作用。银行被要求将其存款的一定比例作为准备金持有，而不是贷出。通过改变这些准备金要求，中央银行可以影响银行通过放贷能够创造多少货币，从而影响整体“货币供应量”。除了这些机制外，“货币供应量”还可能受到外部因素的影响，例如经济危机、消费者行为变化和国际贸易动态。例如，在经济衰退期间，人们往往会更多地储蓄而减少消费，这可能导致“货币供应量”的减少，因为企业面临更低的需求，可能会减少生产。理解“货币供应量”与经济指标之间的关系对政策制定者和经济学家至关重要。他们分析关于“货币供应量”的数据以及通货膨胀率、就业数字和国内生产总值（GDP）增长，以评估经济的健康状况并对货币政策进行必要的调整。总之，“货币供应量”是经济分析的一个基本方面，影响着经济的各个方面。其管理对于确保经济的稳定和增长至关重要。通过全面理解“货币供应量”，利益相关者可以更好地应对经济波动的复杂性，并为可持续经济发展做出贡献。