adverse balance of payments

简明释义

支付逆差

英英释义

例句

1.An adverse balance of payments can lead to a depletion of foreign currency reserves.

不利的国际收支平衡可能导致外汇储备的减少。

2.An adverse balance of payments can affect a country's credit rating and borrowing costs.

不利的国际收支平衡可能会影响一个国家的信用评级和借款成本。

3.The country is facing an adverse balance of payments, which indicates that it is spending more on foreign trade than it is earning.

该国正面临不利的国际收支平衡，这表明它在对外贸易上的支出超过了收入。

4.To address the adverse balance of payments, the government may implement stricter import controls.

为了应对不利的国际收支平衡，政府可能会实施更严格的进口控制。

5.In recent years, the nation has struggled with an adverse balance of payments due to rising oil prices.

近年来，由于油价上涨，该国一直在与不利的国际收支平衡作斗争。

作文

In today's interconnected global economy, the concept of an adverse balance of payments is crucial for understanding a country's economic health. The balance of payments (BOP) is a comprehensive record of a nation's economic transactions with the rest of the world over a specific period. It includes trade in goods and services, financial transfers, and investments. When a country experiences an adverse balance of payments (不利的国际收支平衡), it indicates that its expenditures on foreign transactions exceed its earnings from exports, leading to a deficit. This situation can have significant implications for a nation’s economy.An adverse balance of payments can arise from various factors. One common cause is a persistent trade deficit, where a country imports more than it exports. For instance, if a nation heavily relies on foreign oil and consumer goods, its import bills may far outweigh the revenue generated from its exports. Additionally, an adverse balance of payments can result from capital flight, where investors pull their money out of a country due to political instability or unfavorable economic conditions. This outflow can further exacerbate the deficit as it reduces the funds available for domestic investment and growth.The consequences of an adverse balance of payments can be severe. First, it can lead to depreciation of the national currency. As demand for foreign currencies increases to pay for imports, the value of the domestic currency may fall, making imports even more expensive. This depreciation can trigger inflation, eroding purchasing power and negatively impacting consumers. Moreover, a sustained adverse balance of payments can lead to increased borrowing from foreign lenders, resulting in a higher national debt and potential loss of sovereignty over economic policies.To address an adverse balance of payments, governments may implement various strategies. One approach is to promote exports by providing incentives for local businesses to expand their markets abroad. This could include tax breaks, subsidies, or assistance in finding international buyers. Additionally, countries may impose tariffs or quotas on imported goods to reduce the volume of imports and protect domestic industries. However, these protectionist measures can lead to retaliatory actions from trading partners and might not always yield the desired results.Another strategy is to attract foreign direct investment (FDI). By creating a favorable business environment, countries can entice foreign companies to invest in local industries, which can help balance out the payments by increasing export capacity. Furthermore, improving domestic production capabilities can reduce reliance on imports, thus alleviating the pressure of an adverse balance of payments.In conclusion, an adverse balance of payments (不利的国际收支平衡) is a critical indicator of a nation's economic stability and health. Understanding its causes, consequences, and potential solutions is essential for policymakers and economists alike. By addressing the underlying issues that contribute to this imbalance, countries can work towards achieving a more favorable balance of payments, which is vital for sustainable economic growth and development.

在当今互联互通的全球经济中，不利的国际收支平衡的概念对于理解一个国家的经济健康至关重要。国际收支平衡（BOP）是一个国家在特定时期内与世界其他地区经济交易的综合记录。它包括商品和服务的贸易、金融转移和投资。当一个国家经历不利的国际收支平衡时，意味着其在外部交易上的支出超过了来自出口的收入，从而导致赤字。这种情况对国家经济可能产生重大影响。不利的国际收支平衡可能由多种因素引起。一个常见的原因是持续的贸易赤字，即一个国家进口的商品超过其出口。例如，如果一个国家严重依赖外国石油和消费品，其进口账单可能远远超过其出口所产生的收入。此外，不利的国际收支平衡还可能由于资本外逃而发生，当投资者因政治不稳定或不利经济条件而将资金撤出一个国家时。这种流出可能进一步加剧赤字，因为它减少了可用于国内投资和增长的资金。不利的国际收支平衡的后果可能是严重的。首先，它可能导致国家货币贬值。随着对外币需求的增加以支付进口费用，本国货币的价值可能下降，使进口变得更加昂贵。这种贬值可能引发通货膨胀，侵蚀购买力，对消费者产生负面影响。此外，持续的不利的国际收支平衡可能导致向外国贷方增加借款，从而导致国家债务增加，并可能失去对经济政策的主权。为了解决不利的国际收支平衡，政府可能实施各种策略。一种方法是通过提供激励措施来促进出口，以便本地企业扩大海外市场。这可能包括减税、补贴或协助寻找国际买家。此外，各国可能对进口商品征收关税或配额，以减少进口量并保护国内产业。然而，这些保护主义措施可能导致贸易伙伴的报复行动，并且可能并不总能实现预期的结果。另一种策略是吸引外国直接投资（FDI）。通过创造有利的商业环境，各国可以吸引外国公司在当地产业投资，这可以通过增加出口能力来帮助平衡支付。此外，提高国内生产能力可以减少对进口的依赖，从而减轻不利的国际收支平衡的压力。总之，不利的国际收支平衡是国家经济稳定和健康的重要指标。理解其原因、后果和潜在解决方案对政策制定者和经济学家而言至关重要。通过解决导致这种失衡的根本问题，各国可以努力实现更有利的国际收支平衡，这是可持续经济增长和发展的关键。