evidence; testimony; proof; supporting evidence

简明释义

证据

英英释义

例句

1.Additional supporting evidence was found that linked the suspect to the scene.

发现了额外的支持性证据，将嫌疑人与现场联系起来。

2.Witnesses gave testimony that confirmed the defendant's alibi.

证人提供了确认被告不在场证明的证词。

3.The judge ruled that the evidence was admissible in court.

法官裁定该证据在法庭上可被接受。

4.The DNA results served as proof of the suspect's involvement in the crime.

DNA结果作为嫌疑人参与犯罪的证明。

5.The lawyer presented strong evidence to support his client's innocence.

律师提供了有力的证据来支持他客户的无辜。

作文

In the realm of law and science, the terms evidence (证据), testimony (证词), proof (证明), and supporting evidence (支持证据) play crucial roles in establishing facts and validating claims. Understanding these concepts is essential for anyone looking to navigate the complexities of legal proceedings or scientific research. Evidence refers to any material that can be presented in a court of law to support or refute a claim. This can include documents, objects, or witness statements. For instance, in a criminal trial, physical items such as fingerprints or DNA samples serve as evidence, demonstrating a connection between the suspect and the crime scene. The reliability of evidence is paramount; it must be collected and preserved according to strict protocols to ensure its integrity.On the other hand, testimony is a specific type of evidence provided by a witness under oath. This verbal account can significantly influence the outcome of a case. For example, if a witness testifies that they saw a defendant at the scene of a crime, this testimony becomes critical evidence in establishing guilt or innocence. However, testimony can also be subjective, which is why corroborating it with additional evidence is often necessary.Proof, in a broader sense, refers to the logical demonstration that something is true or false. In mathematics, for example, proof involves a series of logical steps that lead to a conclusion based on axioms and previously established results. In legal contexts, proof is often about meeting a certain standard, such as 'beyond a reasonable doubt' in criminal cases or 'preponderance of the evidence' in civil cases. This standard dictates how convincing the evidence must be to uphold a claim or verdict.Finally, supporting evidence is additional data or information that reinforces the primary evidence. It serves to strengthen the argument being made. For instance, if a study claims that a particular medication is effective in treating a disease, the researcher would present supporting evidence such as statistical analyses, results from previous studies, and expert opinions to bolster their findings. In legal cases, supporting evidence might include corroborative witness statements or expert analysis that aligns with the main evidence presented.In conclusion, the interplay between evidence, testimony, proof, and supporting evidence is fundamental in both legal and scientific fields. Each term plays a distinct role in the process of establishing truth and accountability. A thorough understanding of these concepts aids individuals in critically evaluating claims and making informed decisions based on reliable information. As we engage with various forms of discourse—be it in a courtroom or a scientific journal—it is imperative to recognize the weight that evidence, testimony, proof, and supporting evidence carry in shaping our understanding of reality.

在法律和科学领域，术语证据、证词、证明和支持证据在确立事实和验证主张方面发挥着至关重要的作用。理解这些概念对任何希望驾驭法律程序或科学研究复杂性的人来说都是必不可少的。证据指的是可以在法庭上提出以支持或反驳主张的任何材料。这可以包括文件、物品或证人陈述。例如，在刑事审判中，诸如指纹或DNA样本等物理物品作为证据，展示了嫌疑人与犯罪现场之间的联系。证据的可靠性至关重要；它必须按照严格的协议进行收集和保存，以确保其完整性。另一方面，证词是由证人在宣誓下提供的一种特定类型的证据。这种口头陈述可以显著影响案件的结果。例如，如果证人作证称他们看到被告在犯罪现场，这一证词就成为建立有罪或无罪的重要证据。然而，证词也可能是主观的，这就是为什么通常需要用额外的证据来证实它。证明从更广泛的意义上讲，指的是逻辑上证明某事是真或假的过程。在数学中，例如，证明涉及一系列逻辑步骤，这些步骤基于公理和先前建立的结果得出结论。在法律背景下，证明通常是关于满足某种标准，例如在刑事案件中“超越合理怀疑”或在民事案件中“证据的优势”。这一标准决定了证据必须有多令人信服，以支持主张或裁决。最后，支持证据是增强主要证据的附加数据或信息。它用于加强所提出的论点。例如，如果一项研究声称某种药物在治疗某种疾病方面有效，研究者将提供支持证据，例如统计分析、先前研究的结果和专家意见，以增强他们的发现。在法律案件中，支持证据可能包括与所呈现的主要证据一致的证人陈述或专家分析。总之，证据、证词、证明和支持证据之间的相互作用在法律和科学领域都是基础。每个术语在确立真相和问责过程中扮演着不同的角色。透彻理解这些概念有助于个人批判性地评估主张，并基于可靠的信息做出明智的决策。当我们参与各种形式的讨论——无论是在法庭上还是在科学期刊中——认识到证据、证词、证明和支持证据在塑造我们对现实理解中的重要性是至关重要的。