discount to present value

简明释义

折算为现值

英英释义

例句

1.In financial analysis, we often discount to present value to determine the worth of future cash flows.

在财务分析中，我们经常将未来现金流折现到现值以确定其价值。

2.To evaluate an investment, you should discount to present value all expected returns.

要评估一项投资，您应该将所有预期收益折现到现值。

3.Real estate investors frequently discount to present value projected rental income.

房地产投资者经常将预计租金收入折现到现值。

4.When planning for retirement, it’s wise to discount to present value your future savings goals.

在退休规划时，明智的做法是将未来储蓄目标折现到现值。

5.The formula used to discount to present value involves the interest rate and time period.

用于将未来现金流折现到现值的公式涉及利率和时间周期。

作文

Understanding the concept of discount to present value is crucial for anyone involved in finance or investment. This term refers to the process of determining the current worth of a cash flow or series of cash flows that will be received in the future. The underlying principle is based on the time value of money, which states that a dollar today is worth more than a dollar in the future due to its potential earning capacity. Therefore, when we talk about discount to present value, we are essentially discussing how to adjust future cash flows to reflect their value in today's terms.To illustrate this concept, consider an investor who expects to receive $1,000 five years from now. If we want to know how much that $1,000 is worth today, we need to apply a discount rate. This rate reflects the investor’s required rate of return, which could be influenced by factors such as inflation, risk, and opportunity cost. By applying the discount rate, we can calculate the present value of that future cash flow.The formula for calculating the present value (PV) is:PV = FV / (1 + r)^nWhere:- PV is the present value- FV is the future value (in this case, $1,000)- r is the discount rate (expressed as a decimal)- n is the number of periods until the cash flow is received (in this case, 5 years)For example, if the discount rate is 5%, the calculation would look like this:PV = 1000 / (1 + 0.05)^5PV = 1000 / (1.27628)PV ≈ 783.53This means that receiving $1,000 five years from now is equivalent to having approximately $783.53 today, assuming a 5% discount rate. This adjustment is vital for making informed financial decisions, as it allows investors to compare different investment opportunities on a consistent basis.In addition to individual cash flows, the concept of discount to present value is also applicable to valuing entire projects or companies. For instance, when assessing the viability of a new project, businesses often forecast future cash flows that the project is expected to generate. By discounting these future cash flows back to their present value, companies can determine whether the project is worth pursuing based on its net present value (NPV). A positive NPV indicates that the projected earnings exceed the anticipated costs, while a negative NPV suggests the opposite.Moreover, understanding discount to present value can help individuals in personal finance as well. For example, when considering taking out a loan or investing in a retirement account, individuals can use this concept to assess the long-term implications of their financial decisions. By evaluating the present value of future payments or returns, they can make better choices that align with their financial goals.In conclusion, the notion of discount to present value is a fundamental aspect of finance that enables individuals and businesses to evaluate the worth of future cash flows in today's terms. By applying this concept, one can make more informed decisions regarding investments, project evaluations, and personal financial planning. Understanding how to properly discount future values is essential for achieving financial success and stability in an ever-changing economic landscape.

理解折现至现值的概念对于任何参与金融或投资的人来说都是至关重要的。这个术语指的是确定未来将收到的现金流或一系列现金流的当前价值的过程。其基本原理基于货币的时间价值，即今天的一美元比未来的一美元更有价值，因为它具有潜在的盈利能力。因此，当我们谈论折现至现值时，我们实际上是在讨论如何调整未来现金流，以反映其在今天的价值。为了说明这一概念，考虑一个投资者预计五年后会收到1000美元。如果我们想知道这1000美元今天值多少钱，我们需要应用一个折现率。这个利率反映了投资者所需的回报率，这可能受到通货膨胀、风险和机会成本等因素的影响。通过应用折现率，我们可以计算出未来现金流的现值。计算现值（PV）的公式是：PV = FV / (1 + r)^n其中：- PV 是现值- FV 是未来价值（在这种情况下为1000美元）- r 是折现率（以小数形式表示）- n 是收到现金流的期间数（在这种情况下为5年）例如，如果折现率为5%，则计算如下：PV = 1000 / (1 + 0.05)^5PV = 1000 / (1.27628)PV ≈ 783.53这意味着，在假设5%的折现率下，五年后收到的1000美元相当于今天大约783.53美元。这种调整对于做出明智的财务决策至关重要，因为它使投资者能够在一致的基础上比较不同的投资机会。除了单个现金流外，折现至现值的概念同样适用于对整个项目或公司的估值。例如，在评估新项目的可行性时，企业通常会预测项目预计产生的未来现金流。通过将这些未来现金流折现至现值，企业可以根据其净现值（NPV）来判断该项目是否值得追求。正的NPV表明预计收益超过预期成本，而负的NPV则表明相反。此外，理解折现至现值也可以帮助个人理财。例如，在考虑贷款或投资退休账户时，个人可以使用这一概念来评估其财务决策的长期影响。通过评估未来支付或回报的现值，他们可以做出更符合财务目标的选择。总之，折现至现值的概念是金融的一个基本方面，使个人和企业能够评估未来现金流在今天的价值。通过应用这一概念，可以更明智地做出关于投资、项目评估和个人财务规划的决策。理解如何正确地折现未来价值对于在不断变化的经济环境中实现财务成功和稳定至关重要。