expectational equilibrium

简明释义

预期平衡

英英释义

例句

1.In a market characterized by uncertainty, firms strive to reach expectational equilibrium 期望均衡 to align their production strategies with consumer expectations.

在一个不确定性特征的市场中，企业努力达到expectational equilibrium 期望均衡，以使其生产策略与消费者期望相一致。

2.Achieving expectational equilibrium 期望均衡 can help stabilize the economy by ensuring that all market participants have aligned expectations.

实现expectational equilibrium 期望均衡可以通过确保所有市场参与者的期望一致来帮助稳定经济。

3.The adjustment process towards expectational equilibrium 期望均衡 can take time as individuals and firms revise their forecasts based on new information.

朝着expectational equilibrium 期望均衡 的调整过程可能需要时间，因为个人和企业根据新信息修正他们的预测。

4.The concept of expectational equilibrium 期望均衡 is crucial in economic models that predict how agents form their beliefs about future prices.

在预测代理人如何形成对未来价格信念的经济模型中，expectational equilibrium 期望均衡 的概念至关重要。

5.During financial crises, expectational equilibrium 期望均衡 often breaks down, leading to increased volatility in asset prices.

在金融危机期间，expectational equilibrium 期望均衡 通常会崩溃，导致资产价格的波动加剧。

作文

In the realm of economics, the concept of expectational equilibrium is pivotal in understanding how individuals and markets behave under uncertainty. This term refers to a state where agents' expectations about future economic conditions align with the actual outcomes that occur, leading to a stable economic environment. When people make decisions based on their expectations, these decisions can influence market dynamics significantly. For instance, if consumers expect prices to rise in the future, they may choose to purchase goods now rather than later, thereby driving demand and potentially causing prices to rise. This behavior exemplifies how expectations shape economic realities.The idea of expectational equilibrium can be illustrated through the lens of supply and demand. In a perfectly competitive market, producers set prices based on their expectations of consumer behavior. If they anticipate that demand will increase, they may raise prices in anticipation of higher sales volumes. Conversely, if they expect a downturn, they might lower prices to stimulate demand. The equilibrium is achieved when the expectations of both consumers and producers are met, resulting in a stable market environment.However, achieving expectational equilibrium is not always straightforward. Economic shocks, such as sudden changes in government policy or unexpected global events, can disrupt this balance. For example, during the COVID-19 pandemic, many businesses faced uncertainty regarding future demand. As a result, their expectations were misaligned with the rapidly changing market conditions, leading to significant economic disruptions. The inability to adjust expectations in real-time can create a feedback loop of negative consequences, where poor expectations lead to poor decisions, further deviating from equilibrium.To better understand expectational equilibrium, consider the role of information in shaping expectations. Access to accurate and timely information allows individuals and businesses to form realistic expectations about future economic conditions. In contrast, misinformation or lack of information can lead to irrational expectations, which in turn can destabilize the economy. For instance, if investors believe that a particular stock will perform well based on false information, their collective buying behavior can inflate the stock's price beyond its true value, creating a bubble. Once reality sets in, and actual performance does not meet expectations, the bubble bursts, leading to significant financial losses.In conclusion, expectational equilibrium is a crucial concept in economics that underscores the importance of expectations in determining market behavior. It highlights how aligned expectations among market participants can lead to stability, while misaligned expectations can result in volatility and economic upheaval. Understanding this concept is essential for economists, policymakers, and business leaders alike, as it provides valuable insights into how to foster a more predictable and stable economic environment. By promoting transparency and ensuring access to accurate information, we can help facilitate expectational equilibrium in our markets, ultimately leading to more sustainable economic growth.

在经济学领域，expectational equilibrium（预期均衡）的概念对于理解个体和市场在不确定性下的行为至关重要。这个术语指的是一种状态，在这种状态下，参与者对未来经济状况的预期与实际发生的结果相一致，从而导致一个稳定的经济环境。当人们基于他们的预期做出决策时，这些决策可能会显著影响市场动态。例如，如果消费者预期未来价格会上涨，他们可能会选择现在购买商品而不是以后购买，从而推动需求并可能导致价格上涨。这种行为说明了预期如何塑造经济现实。expectational equilibrium（预期均衡）的理念可以通过供需的视角来说明。在一个完全竞争的市场中，生产者根据对消费者行为的预期来设定价格。如果他们预期需求将增加，他们可能会提前提高价格以期待更高的销售量。相反，如果他们预计经济下滑，他们可能会降低价格以刺激需求。当消费者和生产者的预期都得到满足时，均衡便得以实现，从而形成一个稳定的市场环境。然而，实现expectational equilibrium（预期均衡）并不总是简单的。经济冲击，例如突如其来的政府政策变化或意外的全球事件，可能会打破这种平衡。例如，在COVID-19大流行期间，许多企业面临着未来需求的不确定性。因此，他们的预期与快速变化的市场条件不一致，导致了重大的经济干扰。无法实时调整预期可能会产生负面后果的反馈循环，其中糟糕的预期导致糟糕的决策，进一步偏离均衡。要更好地理解expectational equilibrium（预期均衡），可以考虑信息在塑造预期中的作用。获取准确和及时的信息使个人和企业能够形成对未来经济状况的现实预期。相反，错误信息或信息缺乏可能导致不理性的预期，从而可能使经济不稳定。例如，如果投资者基于虚假信息相信某只股票的表现会很好，他们的集体买入行为可能会将该股票的价格抬升到其真实价值之上，形成泡沫。一旦现实出现，而实际表现未能符合预期，泡沫就会破裂，导致重大财务损失。总之，expectational equilibrium（预期均衡）是经济学中的一个关键概念，强调了预期在决定市场行为中的重要性。它突显了市场参与者之间一致的预期如何导致稳定，而不一致的预期则可能导致波动和经济动荡。理解这一概念对经济学家、政策制定者和商业领袖都至关重要，因为它提供了有价值的见解，帮助促进一个更可预测和稳定的经济环境。通过促进透明度并确保获得准确的信息，我们可以帮助在市场中实现expectational equilibrium（预期均衡），最终导致更可持续的经济增长。