dead-weight loss of taxation

简明释义

由税收造成的额外经济损失

英英释义

例句

1.The dead-weight loss of taxation can discourage investment and economic growth.

税收的无谓损失可能会抑制投资和经济增长。

2.Economists often debate how to minimize the dead-weight loss of taxation while still generating revenue.

经济学家们常常辩论如何在仍然产生收入的同时最小化税收的无谓损失。

3.A flat tax rate could potentially reduce the dead-weight loss of taxation compared to a progressive tax system.

与累进税制相比，统一税率可能会减少税收的无谓损失。

4.Increasing taxes on cigarettes may lead to a significant dead-weight loss of taxation in the economy.

增加香烟税可能会导致经济中出现显著的税收的无谓损失。

5.The government needs to consider the dead-weight loss of taxation when implementing new tax policies.

政府在实施新税收政策时需要考虑税收的无谓损失。

作文

The concept of dead-weight loss of taxation refers to the economic inefficiency that arises when a tax is imposed on a good or service, resulting in a reduction in overall welfare. When the government levies taxes, it alters the behavior of consumers and producers, leading to changes in supply and demand. This shift can create a gap between what consumers are willing to pay and what producers are willing to accept, ultimately reducing the quantity traded in the market. As a result, both consumer surplus and producer surplus decline, which leads to a loss of total economic welfare. To understand the implications of dead-weight loss of taxation, let’s consider a simple example involving a market for apples. Assume that the equilibrium price of apples is $1 per unit, and at this price, 100 units are sold. If the government imposes a tax of $0.20 on each apple sold, the new price for consumers might rise to $1.20. However, producers will only receive $1.00 after paying the tax. This price increase leads to a decrease in the quantity demanded from 100 units to, say, 80 units. The tax has effectively raised the price for consumers while lowering the effective price received by producers, thus creating a discrepancy in the market. The dead-weight loss of taxation in this scenario can be illustrated by the reduction in transactions caused by the tax. The area representing the lost welfare can be visualized as a triangle on a supply and demand graph, where the base of the triangle represents the reduction in quantity traded (from 100 to 80 units) and the height represents the tax amount ($0.20). This triangle signifies the lost economic efficiency, as there are fewer trades occurring than would happen in a tax-free environment. Moreover, the dead-weight loss of taxation does not only affect consumers and producers; it also has broader implications for the economy as a whole. When taxes distort market behavior, they can lead to misallocation of resources. For instance, if individuals and businesses alter their consumption and production decisions due to taxes, it may result in less optimal outcomes. This inefficiency can stifle innovation and investment, as firms may be discouraged from expanding or improving their offerings due to the increased tax burden. In conclusion, understanding the dead-weight loss of taxation is crucial for policymakers and economists alike. It highlights the importance of considering the economic consequences of taxation beyond just revenue generation. While taxes are necessary for funding public services and infrastructure, it is essential to design tax policies that minimize economic distortions and inefficiencies. By doing so, governments can help ensure that the benefits of taxation do not come at the cost of reduced economic welfare. Achieving a balance between necessary taxation and maintaining economic efficiency is vital for fostering a healthy, productive economy.

“税收的无谓损失”这一概念指的是当对某种商品或服务征税时，因经济效率降低而产生的经济无效性。当政府征收税款时，它会改变消费者和生产者的行为，从而导致供需的变化。这种变化可能导致消费者愿意支付的价格与生产者愿意接受的价格之间出现差距，最终减少市场中交易的数量。因此，消费者剩余和生产者剩余都会下降，这导致总经济福利的损失。为了理解“税收的无谓损失”的影响，让我们考虑一个简单的例子，涉及苹果的市场。假设苹果的均衡价格为每单位1美元，在这个价格下，销售100个单位。如果政府对每个苹果征收0.20美元的税，消费者的新价格可能会上升到1.20美元。然而，生产者在支付税款后只会收到1.00美元。这一价格上涨导致需求量从100个单位减少到例如80个单位。税收有效地提高了消费者的价格，同时降低了生产者的有效价格，从而在市场上造成了差异。在这种情况下，“税收的无谓损失”可以通过税收造成的交易减少来说明。在供需图上，这种损失的面积可以被视为一个三角形，其中三角形的底边代表交易数量的减少（从100个减少到80个），而高度代表税额（0.20美元）。这个三角形象征着失去的经济效率，因为发生的交易比在无税环境下要少。此外，“税收的无谓损失”不仅影响消费者和生产者；它对整个经济也有更广泛的影响。当税收扭曲市场行为时，可能导致资源的不当配置。例如，如果个人和企业因税收而改变其消费和生产决策，可能会导致次优结果。这种无效性可能抑制创新和投资，因为企业可能因增加的税负而不愿扩大或改善其产品。总之，理解“税收的无谓损失”对政策制定者和经济学家来说至关重要。它突显了在考虑税收政策时，除了收入生成之外，还要考虑经济后果的重要性。虽然税收对于资助公共服务和基础设施是必要的，但设计能够最小化经济扭曲和无效性的税收政策至关重要。通过这样做，政府可以帮助确保税收的好处不会以降低经济福利为代价。实现必要税收与维持经济效率之间的平衡，对于促进健康、富有成效的经济至关重要。