primary sampling unit

简明释义

一次抽样单位

英英释义

例句

1.When conducting a demographic study, cities can serve as the primary sampling unit 主要抽样单元.

在进行人口统计研究时，城市可以作为主要抽样单元 主要抽样单元。

2.The primary sampling unit 主要抽样单元 in this ecological research was the individual species.

在这项生态研究中，主要抽样单元 主要抽样单元 是个别物种。

3.In a national health survey, the primary sampling unit 主要抽样单元 is often the household.

在国家健康调查中，主要抽样单元 主要抽样单元 通常是家庭。

4.Researchers selected schools as the primary sampling unit 主要抽样单元 for their educational study.

研究人员选择学校作为他们教育研究的主要抽样单元 主要抽样单元。

5.For the agricultural study, farms were identified as the primary sampling unit 主要抽样单元.

对于这项农业研究，农场被确定为主要抽样单元 主要抽样单元。

作文

In the field of statistics and research, understanding the concept of a primary sampling unit is crucial for designing effective surveys and studies. A primary sampling unit (PSU) refers to the first level of sampling in a multi-stage sampling process. It is the basic unit that researchers select when they begin their data collection. For instance, if a researcher is investigating the health outcomes of children in a country, the primary sampling unit might be entire schools or neighborhoods rather than individual children. This approach allows researchers to gather data more efficiently and manageably.The significance of the primary sampling unit lies in its ability to represent the larger population from which it is drawn. When researchers choose PSUs carefully, they can ensure that their findings are generalizable to the entire population. For example, if a study aims to understand the educational performance of students in urban areas, selecting schools as the primary sampling unit would provide a broader view of the educational landscape than selecting individual students. By focusing on groups, researchers can also reduce costs and time associated with data collection.Moreover, the choice of primary sampling unit impacts the overall study design and statistical analysis. If the units are too homogenous, the variability within the sample may be limited, leading to less reliable results. Conversely, if they are too diverse, it could complicate the analysis and interpretation of the data. Therefore, researchers must strike a balance when selecting their PSUs, ensuring they capture the necessary diversity while maintaining a manageable scope.In addition, understanding the relationship between the primary sampling unit and subsequent sampling stages is essential. After selecting the PSUs, researchers typically identify secondary sampling units (SSUs) within each PSU. Continuing with the previous example, if schools are the PSUs, classrooms or individual students could serve as SSUs. This hierarchical structure allows for a more detailed exploration of the data while still being rooted in the broader context provided by the PSUs.Furthermore, researchers must consider the implications of their PSU choices on the analysis phase. Different sampling techniques, such as stratified sampling or cluster sampling, can influence how data is interpreted. For instance, if a researcher uses cluster sampling, where the primary sampling unit is a group, the analysis must account for the intra-cluster correlation, as individuals within the same cluster may share similarities that could skew results.In conclusion, the primary sampling unit plays a foundational role in research design and data collection. Its careful selection is vital for ensuring that studies yield valid and reliable results. By understanding the importance of PSUs, researchers can enhance the quality of their work, leading to insights that can inform policy and practice. As such, mastering the concept of the primary sampling unit is not only beneficial for statisticians but for anyone involved in research and data-driven decision-making.

在统计学和研究领域，理解“primary sampling unit”的概念对于设计有效的调查和研究至关重要。“primary sampling unit”（PSU）指的是多阶段抽样过程中的第一层抽样单位。它是研究人员在开始数据收集时选择的基本单位。例如，如果研究人员正在调查一个国家儿童的健康结果，primary sampling unit可能是整个学校或社区，而不是单个儿童。这种方法使研究人员能够更高效、更可管理地收集数据。“primary sampling unit”的重要性在于它能够代表所抽取的更大总体。当研究人员仔细选择PSU时，他们可以确保他们的发现可以推广到整个总体。例如，如果一项研究旨在了解城市地区学生的教育表现，选择学校作为primary sampling unit将提供比选择单个学生更广泛的教育景观视角。通过关注群体，研究人员还可以减少与数据收集相关的成本和时间。此外，primary sampling unit的选择影响整体研究设计和统计分析。如果单位过于同质，样本内的变异性可能有限，从而导致结果可靠性降低。相反，如果它们过于多样化，可能会使数据的分析和解释变得复杂。因此，研究人员在选择PSU时必须找到平衡，确保捕捉到必要的多样性，同时保持可管理的范围。此外，理解primary sampling unit与后续抽样阶段之间的关系也至关重要。在选择PSU之后，研究人员通常会在每个PSU内识别次级抽样单位（SSU）。继续之前的例子，如果学校是PSU，则教室或单个学生可以作为SSU。这个分层结构允许对数据进行更详细的探索，同时仍然根植于PSU提供的更广泛的背景中。此外，研究人员必须考虑他们的PSU选择对分析阶段的影响。不同的抽样技术，例如分层抽样或聚类抽样，可以影响数据的解释方式。例如，如果研究人员使用聚类抽样，其中primary sampling unit是一个群体，则分析必须考虑组内相关性，因为同一群体内的个体可能共享相似性，这可能会扭曲结果。总之，primary sampling unit在研究设计和数据收集中发挥着基础性作用。其认真选择对于确保研究产生有效和可靠的结果至关重要。通过理解PSU的重要性，研究人员可以提高工作质量，从而获得可以为政策和实践提供信息的见解。因此，掌握primary sampling unit的概念不仅对统计学家有益，也对任何参与研究和数据驱动决策的人都至关重要。