lump-sum appropriation

简明释义

一次拨款法

英英释义

例句

1.In the budget meeting, the finance director proposed a lump-sum appropriation 一次性拨款 for employee training programs.

在预算会议上，财务总监提议为员工培训项目提供一次性拨款 lump-sum appropriation。

2.To support the arts, the city council approved a lump-sum appropriation 一次性拨款 for local artists.

为了支持艺术，市议会批准了一项针对当地艺术家的一次性拨款 lump-sum appropriation。

3.A lump-sum appropriation 一次性拨款 from the state budget will help the city improve public transportation.

来自州预算的一次性拨款 lump-sum appropriation将帮助城市改善公共交通。

4.The school received a lump-sum appropriation 一次性拨款 to upgrade its technology resources.

学校获得了一笔一次性拨款 lump-sum appropriation，用于升级其技术资源。

5.The government announced a new lump-sum appropriation 一次性拨款 for infrastructure development in rural areas.

政府宣布了一项新的一次性拨款 lump-sum appropriation，用于农村基础设施建设。

作文

In the realm of public finance, the term lump-sum appropriation refers to a budgetary allocation that is provided as a single total amount rather than broken down into specific line items or categories. This approach has both advantages and disadvantages, which can significantly impact how funds are managed and utilized within governmental agencies or organizations. Understanding the implications of lump-sum appropriation is crucial for policymakers, financial managers, and stakeholders involved in budgeting processes.One of the primary benefits of lump-sum appropriation is its flexibility. When funds are allocated as a lump sum, the receiving agency has the discretion to allocate those resources where they are most needed without being restricted by predefined categories. This can be particularly advantageous in situations where unforeseen circumstances arise, allowing agencies to respond quickly and effectively to emerging needs. For instance, during a natural disaster, an agency may need to redirect funds from various programs to address urgent recovery efforts. A lump-sum appropriation enables this adaptability, ensuring that resources can be mobilized efficiently.However, the flexibility offered by lump-sum appropriation can also lead to challenges regarding accountability and oversight. Without detailed line-item budgets, it becomes more difficult to track how funds are spent. This lack of transparency can raise concerns among taxpayers and oversight bodies, who may question whether funds are being used appropriately. Additionally, agencies might prioritize short-term needs over long-term strategic goals, potentially undermining the effectiveness of public programs.Another consideration is the impact of lump-sum appropriation on planning and resource allocation. While the initial allocation may provide a significant amount of funding, it does not guarantee that agencies will use the funds efficiently or effectively. Agencies may struggle with the responsibility of managing a large sum of money without clear guidelines on spending. This can lead to inefficiencies, mismanagement, or even waste if there is insufficient oversight. Therefore, while lump-sum appropriation offers flexibility, it necessitates a strong framework for accountability to ensure that funds are used wisely.Moreover, the political implications of lump-sum appropriation should not be overlooked. Legislators may favor this method of appropriation because it allows them to avoid detailed scrutiny of individual programs, making it easier to pass budgets. However, this can create a disconnect between elected officials and the actual needs of their constituents. When funds are provided as a lump sum, it may be challenging for legislators to assess the effectiveness of specific programs or initiatives, potentially leading to a lack of informed decision-making in future budget cycles.In conclusion, the concept of lump-sum appropriation embodies both opportunities and challenges in public finance. Its flexibility can empower agencies to respond to changing conditions, but it also raises important questions about accountability, efficiency, and oversight. As governments continue to navigate complex financial landscapes, understanding the implications of lump-sum appropriation will be essential for ensuring that public funds are managed effectively and transparently. Policymakers must strike a balance between flexibility and accountability to maximize the benefits of this budgeting approach while mitigating its potential drawbacks.

在公共财政领域，术语一次性拨款指的是以单一总金额提供的预算分配，而不是细分为特定的项目或类别。这种方法既有优点，也有缺点，这可能会显著影响政府机构或组织如何管理和利用资金。理解一次性拨款的含义对于政策制定者、财务经理和参与预算过程的利益相关者至关重要。一次性拨款的主要好处之一是其灵活性。当资金作为一次性拨款分配时，接收机构可以自行决定将这些资源分配到最需要的地方，而不受预定义类别的限制。这在出现不可预见情况时特别有利，使机构能够迅速有效地应对新出现的需求。例如，在自然灾害期间，机构可能需要从各种项目中重新调配资金以应对紧急恢复工作。一次性拨款使这种适应性成为可能，确保资源能够高效动员。然而，一次性拨款所提供的灵活性也可能导致问责制和监督方面的挑战。没有详细的逐项预算，跟踪资金的使用变得更加困难。这种缺乏透明度可能引发纳税人和监督机构的担忧，他们可能会质疑资金是否被适当地使用。此外，机构可能会优先考虑短期需求而非长期战略目标，从而可能削弱公共项目的有效性。另一个考虑因素是一次性拨款对规划和资源分配的影响。尽管初始拨款可能提供了大量资金，但并不保证机构会有效或高效地使用这些资金。机构可能会面临管理一大笔资金的责任，而没有明确的支出指导。这可能导致低效、管理不善，甚至浪费，因为缺乏足够的监督。因此，尽管一次性拨款提供了灵活性，但它需要强有力的问责框架，以确保资金的明智使用。此外，一次性拨款的政治影响也不容忽视。立法者可能更倾向于这种拨款方式，因为它使他们能够避免对单个项目的详细审查，从而更容易通过预算。然而，这可能导致选举官员与其选民实际需求之间的脱节。当资金以一次性拨款的形式提供时，立法者可能很难评估特定项目或倡议的有效性，这可能导致未来预算周期中的决策缺乏信息依据。总之，一次性拨款的概念在公共财政中体现了机遇和挑战。其灵活性可以使机构能够应对不断变化的条件，但它也提出了关于问责制、效率和监督的重要问题。随着各国政府继续在复杂的财政环境中航行，理解一次性拨款的含义对于确保公共资金得到有效和透明的管理至关重要。政策制定者必须在灵活性和问责制之间取得平衡，以最大化这种预算方法的好处，同时减轻其潜在缺点。