backward bending supply curve

简明释义

向后弯曲供给曲线

英英释义

例句

1.Economists use the backward bending supply curve 后弯供给曲线 to illustrate the relationship between wage rates and the quantity of labor supplied.

经济学家使用后弯供给曲线 backward bending supply curve 来说明工资水平与劳动供给数量之间的关系。

2.The backward bending supply curve 后弯供给曲线 can explain why some high-income individuals choose to work less, prioritizing leisure over additional income.

后弯供给曲线 backward bending supply curve 可以解释为什么一些高收入者选择减少工作，优先考虑休闲而不是额外收入。

3.In a competitive market, the backward bending supply curve 后弯供给曲线 indicates that as wages rise, the incentive to work may diminish for some workers.

在竞争市场中，后弯供给曲线 backward bending supply curve 表明，随着工资上升，一些工人的工作激励可能会减弱。

4.In labor economics, the concept of a backward bending supply curve 后弯供给曲线 illustrates how workers may choose to work fewer hours as their wages increase beyond a certain point.

在劳动经济学中，后弯供给曲线 backward bending supply curve 的概念说明，当工资超过某个点时，工人可能会选择减少工作时间。

5.When analyzing the effects of wage increases, it's important to consider the backward bending supply curve 后弯供给曲线 which suggests that higher wages can lead to a decrease in labor supply.

在分析工资增长的影响时，考虑到后弯供给曲线 backward bending supply curve 是重要的，因为它表明更高的工资可能导致劳动供给减少。

作文

The concept of the backward bending supply curve is an intriguing aspect of microeconomic theory that challenges traditional notions of supply and demand. In standard economic models, it is typically assumed that as the price of a good increases, the quantity supplied also increases. This relationship is represented by an upward sloping supply curve. However, the backward bending supply curve introduces a different perspective, particularly in the labor market. To understand this concept better, we can consider the example of labor supply. Initially, as wages increase, individuals are incentivized to work more hours, thus increasing the quantity of labor supplied. This is the typical upward sloping portion of the backward bending supply curve. However, at a certain point, higher wages may lead workers to prioritize leisure over additional income. As wages continue to rise beyond this point, the quantity of labor supplied actually begins to decrease. This creates the backward bend in the supply curve, indicating that at very high wage levels, individuals may choose to work less rather than more. This phenomenon can be attributed to the income effect and the substitution effect. The income effect occurs when higher wages increase a worker's overall income, allowing them to afford more leisure time. Conversely, the substitution effect suggests that as wages rise, the opportunity cost of leisure increases, initially encouraging more work. However, once wages reach a certain threshold, the income effect dominates, leading to a reduction in labor supply. The implications of the backward bending supply curve are significant for policymakers and economists. For instance, if a government raises the minimum wage, it might expect an increase in labor supply. However, if wages become too high, some workers may opt to reduce their hours or exit the labor force entirely, counteracting the intended effects of the wage increase. This complexity highlights the importance of understanding the nuances of labor supply dynamics. Furthermore, the backward bending supply curve can also be observed in other markets, such as those for certain goods and services where consumers may reduce their quantity demanded as prices rise to excessively high levels. This challenges the conventional wisdom that higher prices always lead to greater supply and can result in market inefficiencies. In conclusion, the backward bending supply curve serves as a reminder that economic behavior is not always linear and predictable. It illustrates the interplay between various economic forces and the need for a nuanced understanding of supply dynamics. As we analyze the complexities of labor markets and consumer behavior, recognizing the existence of the backward bending supply curve is essential for making informed economic decisions and policies.

“后弯供给曲线”的概念是微观经济理论中一个引人入胜的方面，它挑战了传统的供需观念。在标准经济模型中，通常假设随着商品价格的上涨，供应的数量也会增加。这种关系由向上倾斜的供给曲线表示。然而，“后弯供给曲线”引入了不同的视角，特别是在劳动市场中。 为了更好地理解这个概念，我们可以考虑劳动供给的例子。最初，随着工资的增加，个人被激励去工作更多的小时，从而增加供应的劳动数量。这是“后弯供给曲线”的典型向上倾斜部分。然而，在某个点上，更高的工资可能会导致工人优先选择休闲而不是额外的收入。随着工资继续上涨，供应的劳动数量实际上开始减少。这就形成了供给曲线的后弯，表明在非常高的工资水平下，个人可能选择减少工作而不是增加工作。 这种现象可以归因于收入效应和替代效应。收入效应发生在更高的工资增加工人的整体收入时，使他们能够负担更多的休闲时间。相反，替代效应表明，随着工资的上涨，休闲的机会成本增加，最初鼓励更多的工作。然而，一旦工资达到某个阈值，收入效应占主导地位，导致劳动供应减少。 “后弯供给曲线”的影响对政策制定者和经济学家来说是重要的。例如，如果政府提高最低工资，它可能会期待劳动供应的增加。然而，如果工资过高，一些工人可能会选择减少工作时间或完全退出劳动市场，从而抵消加薪的预期效果。这种复杂性突显了理解劳动供给动态细微差别的重要性。 此外，“后弯供给曲线”也可以在其他市场中观察到，例如某些商品和服务的市场，当价格上涨到过高水平时，消费者可能会减少他们的需求量。这挑战了传统智慧，即更高的价格总是导致更大的供应，并可能导致市场效率低下。 总之，“后弯供给曲线”提醒我们，经济行为并不总是线性和可预测的。它说明了各种经济力量之间的相互作用以及对供给动态的细致理解的必要性。当我们分析劳动市场和消费者行为的复杂性时，认识到“后弯供给曲线”的存在对于做出明智的经济决策和政策至关重要。