relative surplus value

简明释义

相对剩余价值

英英释义

例句

1.By optimizing labor processes, firms aim to generate higher relative surplus value 相对剩余价值 from their workforce.

通过优化劳动流程，公司旨在从其劳动力中产生更高的相对剩余价值 相对剩余价值。

2.The rise in automation has led to an increase in relative surplus value 相对剩余价值 as fewer workers can produce more goods.

自动化的兴起导致了相对剩余价值 相对剩余价值的增加，因为更少的工人可以生产更多的商品。

3.The concept of relative surplus value 相对剩余价值 is crucial for understanding how capitalists maximize profits without extending the working day.

理解资本家如何在不延长工作日的情况下最大化利润，相对剩余价值 相对剩余价值的概念至关重要。

4.Understanding relative surplus value 相对剩余价值 helps economists analyze labor market dynamics.

理解相对剩余价值 相对剩余价值有助于经济学家分析劳动市场动态。

5.In modern economies, companies often focus on increasing relative surplus value 相对剩余价值 by improving productivity through technology.

在现代经济中，公司通常通过技术提高生产率来增加相对剩余价值 相对剩余价值。

作文

In the realm of economics, particularly in Marxist theory, the concept of relative surplus value plays a crucial role in understanding how capitalists maximize their profits. To grasp this idea, we first need to differentiate between two types of surplus value: absolute surplus value and relative surplus value. Absolute surplus value is generated by extending the working day beyond the necessary labor time required for workers to produce goods equivalent to their wages. In contrast, relative surplus value is achieved by increasing productivity through technological advancements or improved labor processes, thereby reducing the necessary labor time within the same working day.The significance of relative surplus value lies in its ability to enhance the efficiency of production without extending the hours that workers spend on the job. For instance, a factory that adopts new machinery can produce more goods in less time, thus allowing the capitalist to sell these goods at a competitive price while still reaping higher profits. This process not only benefits the capitalist but also reflects the dynamic nature of labor relations and technological progress in society.Moreover, the pursuit of relative surplus value leads to an ongoing cycle of innovation and competition among capitalists. As one firm implements new technologies to increase productivity, others are compelled to follow suit to remain competitive. This phenomenon can lead to significant changes in the labor market, as workers may find themselves needing to adapt to new skills and processes to maintain their employability. Thus, while relative surplus value serves as a mechanism for profit maximization, it also highlights the transformative impact of capitalism on labor dynamics.However, the quest for relative surplus value is not without its challenges. Increased productivity often comes at the cost of workers' well-being, as companies may prioritize efficiency over job security and working conditions. This can result in a workforce that is overworked and undervalued, leading to social tensions and calls for reform. Workers may demand better wages and conditions, pushing back against the relentless drive for profit that characterizes capitalist economies.In conclusion, the concept of relative surplus value is essential for understanding the mechanisms of profit generation within capitalism. It illustrates how capitalists can leverage technological advancements to enhance productivity and maximize their returns, while simultaneously shaping the labor market and worker experiences. As societies continue to evolve, the implications of relative surplus value will remain a critical area of study for economists, sociologists, and policymakers alike, as they seek to balance the interests of capital with the rights and needs of workers.

在经济学的领域，特别是在马克思主义理论中，相对剩余价值的概念在理解资本家如何最大化利润方面发挥着至关重要的作用。要理解这一思想，我们首先需要区分两种类型的剩余价值：绝对剩余价值和相对剩余价值。绝对剩余价值是通过延长工作日，使工作时间超出工人生产与其工资相当的商品所需的必要劳动时间而产生的。相反，相对剩余价值则是通过技术进步或改进劳动过程来提高生产率，从而在同一工作日内减少必要的劳动时间。相对剩余价值的重要性在于它能够在不延长工人工作时间的情况下提高生产效率。例如，一家采用新机器的工厂可以在更短的时间内生产更多的商品，这使得资本家能够以具有竞争力的价格出售这些商品，同时仍能获得更高的利润。这一过程不仅使资本家受益，还反映了社会中劳动关系和技术进步的动态性质。此外，追求相对剩余价值导致资本家之间持续的创新和竞争循环。当一家企业实施新技术以提高生产力时，其他企业也被迫跟随，以保持竞争力。这一现象可能会导致劳动市场的重大变化，因为工人可能发现自己需要适应新技能和流程，以保持就业能力。因此，虽然相对剩余价值作为利润最大化的机制，但它也突显了资本主义对劳动动态的变革性影响。然而，追求相对剩余价值并非没有挑战。生产率的提高往往以工人的福祉为代价，因为公司可能优先考虑效率，而不是工作安全和工作条件。这可能导致劳动力过度工作且被低估，引发社会紧张和改革呼声。工人可能要求更好的工资和条件，抵制资本主义经济中对利润的无情追求。总之，相对剩余价值的概念对于理解资本主义中的利润生成机制至关重要。它说明了资本家如何利用技术进步来提高生产力和最大化回报，同时塑造劳动市场和工人体验。随着社会的不断发展，相对剩余价值的影响将继续成为经济学家、社会学家和政策制定者研究的关键领域，因为他们寻求平衡资本利益与工人权利和需求。