marginal utility

简明释义

限界效用

英英释义

例句

1.A product's price is often influenced by the marginal utility 边际效用 it provides to consumers.

一个产品的价格通常受到其对消费者提供的marginal utility 边际效用的影响。

2.The law of diminishing returns relates closely to marginal utility 边际效用 in production.

收益递减法则与生产中的marginal utility 边际效用密切相关。

3.As you consume more slices of pizza, the marginal utility 边际效用 of each additional slice decreases.

当你吃更多的比萨时，每增加一片的marginal utility 边际效用会下降。

4.When deciding how much to spend, people consider the marginal utility 边际效用 of each purchase.

在决定花多少钱时，人们会考虑每项购买的marginal utility 边际效用。

5.In economics, understanding marginal utility 边际效用 helps explain consumer behavior.

在经济学中，理解marginal utility 边际效用有助于解释消费者行为。

作文

Understanding the concept of marginal utility is crucial for both economists and consumers. The term refers to the additional satisfaction or benefit that a person derives from consuming one more unit of a good or service. In simple terms, it helps us understand how much value we place on incremental changes in our consumption habits. For example, imagine you are very thirsty and decide to drink a glass of water. The first glass quenches your thirst significantly, providing a high level of marginal utility (边际效用). However, if you continue to drink more water, the satisfaction you gain from each additional glass will likely decrease. This phenomenon is known as the law of diminishing marginal utility, which states that as a person consumes more units of a good, the additional satisfaction gained from each subsequent unit tends to decline.This principle can be applied to various aspects of life, including food, entertainment, and even money. When considering food, the first slice of pizza may provide great pleasure, but by the time you reach the fourth or fifth slice, the enjoyment diminishes. Similarly, when watching a movie, the excitement of the first viewing may be significantly higher than that of the second or third viewing. Understanding marginal utility can help individuals make better consumption choices by recognizing when the added benefit of consuming more of a good is no longer worth the cost.For businesses, marginal utility plays a critical role in pricing strategies and product offerings. Companies must consider how much value consumers place on their products and adjust their prices accordingly. If a product provides a high level of marginal utility to its consumers, a company can charge a premium price. Conversely, if the marginal utility is low, they may need to lower prices or enhance the product to attract customers.Additionally, policymakers can use the concept of marginal utility to evaluate the effectiveness of social programs. By assessing the additional benefits provided by government interventions, such as welfare programs or public services, policymakers can determine whether these initiatives are delivering sufficient value to justify their costs. For instance, if a new education program increases students' learning outcomes significantly, the marginal utility of that program may warrant continued funding.In conclusion, marginal utility is a fundamental concept in economics that helps explain consumer behavior and decision-making. By understanding how the satisfaction derived from goods and services changes with consumption, individuals can make informed choices about their spending. Furthermore, businesses and policymakers can leverage this knowledge to optimize pricing strategies and evaluate the effectiveness of programs. Ultimately, the concept of marginal utility serves as a valuable tool for understanding the complexities of economic interactions in everyday life.

理解边际效用的概念对经济学家和消费者来说都是至关重要的。这个术语指的是一个人从消费一单位商品或服务中获得的额外满意度或利益。简单来说，它帮助我们理解我们在消费习惯的增量变化中赋予的价值。例如，想象一下你非常口渴，决定喝一杯水。第一杯水显著解渴，为你提供了高水平的边际效用（marginal utility）。然而，如果你继续喝更多的水，每增加一杯所获得的满足感可能会下降。这种现象被称为边际效用递减法则，指出当一个人消费更多单位的商品时，从每个后续单元获得的附加满意度往往会减少。这一原则可以应用于生活的各个方面，包括食物、娱乐甚至金钱。在考虑食物时，第一片披萨可能带来很大的快乐，但当你吃到第四或第五片时，享受感就会减弱。类似地，当观看电影时，第一次观看的兴奋感可能远高于第二次或第三次观看。理解边际效用可以帮助个人做出更好的消费选择，认识到消费更多商品所带来的额外利益不再值得其成本。对于企业而言，边际效用在定价策略和产品供应中起着关键作用。公司必须考虑消费者对其产品的价值评估，并相应调整价格。如果一种产品为消费者提供了高水平的边际效用，公司可以收取溢价价格。相反，如果边际效用较低，他们可能需要降低价格或增强产品以吸引客户。此外，政策制定者可以利用边际效用的概念来评估社会项目的有效性。通过评估政府干预措施（例如福利项目或公共服务）所提供的额外利益，政策制定者可以确定这些举措是否提供了足够的价值以证明其成本。例如，如果一项新的教育项目显著提高了学生的学习成果，该项目的边际效用可能值得继续资助。总之，边际效用是经济学中的一个基本概念，有助于解释消费者行为和决策过程。通过理解从商品和服务中获得的满足感如何随消费而变化，个人可以对自己的支出做出明智的选择。此外，企业和政策制定者可以利用这一知识来优化定价策略并评估项目的有效性。最终，边际效用的概念作为理解日常生活中经济互动复杂性的有价值工具。