pretor

简明释义

英[ˈpriːtə]美[ˈpritɔ]

n. 执政官；长官（等于 praetor）

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The pretor 法官 presided over the case with great authority.

这位pretor 法官以极大的权威主持了这个案件。

2.Citizens could appeal to the pretor 法官 for justice.

公民可以向pretor 法官请求正义。

3.In ancient Rome, a pretor 法官 had the power to interpret laws.

在古罗马，pretor 法官有权解释法律。

4.The role of a pretor 法官 was crucial in maintaining order in society.

作为社会秩序维护者，pretor 法官的角色至关重要。

5.After the trial, the pretor 法官 delivered a detailed verdict.

审判结束后，pretor 法官发布了详细的裁决。

作文

In ancient Rome, the legal system was a complex structure that relied heavily on various officials to maintain order and justice. Among these officials was the pretor, a significant figure in the Roman judiciary. The role of the pretor (法官) was multifaceted, and understanding it provides insight into the development of legal systems not only in Rome but also in modern societies. This essay will explore the responsibilities and influence of the pretor within the Roman legal framework.The pretor was primarily responsible for overseeing the administration of justice. Appointed by the Senate, the pretor had the authority to preside over court cases and make decisions on legal disputes. This position was crucial, as it ensured that citizens had access to fair trials and that their rights were protected under the law. The pretor had the power to interpret laws and set legal precedents, which would later influence future cases. This aspect of the role highlights the importance of judicial discretion, a principle that still exists in contemporary legal systems.One of the most significant contributions of the pretor was the development of the praetorian edict. Each year, the pretor would issue a public statement outlining how they intended to apply the law during their term. This edict served as a guide for both citizens and legal practitioners, providing clarity and consistency in the application of justice. The flexibility of the pretor to adapt the edict based on societal needs demonstrated an early form of legal reform, allowing the law to evolve with changing circumstances. This adaptability is a cornerstone of modern legal systems, where laws must reflect the values and needs of society.Furthermore, the pretor played a pivotal role in expanding the rights of individuals. Initially, Roman law was primarily focused on property and contractual obligations. However, as society became more complex, the pretor began to address issues related to personal rights and social justice. They introduced new legal concepts, such as the protection of women and slaves, which were revolutionary at the time. This evolution of legal thought can be seen as a precursor to contemporary discussions about human rights and equality before the law.The influence of the pretor extended beyond the courtroom. The pretor was also involved in political matters, often acting as a mediator between conflicting parties. This dual role of the pretor as both a legal authority and a political figure illustrates the interconnectedness of law and governance in ancient Rome. It raises questions about the separation of powers, a concept that is fundamental to modern democracies. The balance of power between different branches of government is crucial for maintaining justice and preventing abuses of authority.In conclusion, the role of the pretor in ancient Rome was instrumental in shaping the legal landscape of the time. Their responsibilities encompassed the administration of justice, the creation of legal precedents, and the expansion of individual rights. The legacy of the pretor continues to resonate in today's legal systems, emphasizing the importance of judicial discretion, adaptability, and the pursuit of justice. Understanding the historical significance of the pretor allows us to appreciate the foundations of our current legal frameworks and the ongoing evolution of justice in society.

在古罗马，法律系统是一个复杂的结构，严重依赖于各种官员来维护秩序和正义。其中一个重要人物就是pretor（法官），他在罗马司法系统中扮演着重要角色。理解pretor的角色有助于我们深入了解不仅罗马法律系统的发展，还包括现代社会的法律体系。本文将探讨pretor在罗马法律框架中的职责和影响。pretor主要负责监督司法管理。由元老院任命，pretor有权主持法庭案件并对法律争议作出决定。这个职位至关重要，因为它确保公民能够获得公正的审判，并保护他们在法律下的权利。pretor有权解释法律并设定法律先例，这将影响未来的案件。这一角色的这一方面突显了司法裁量权的重要性，这是当今法律体系中仍然存在的原则。pretor最重要的贡献之一是制定了法官法令。每年，pretor都会发布一份公共声明，概述他们在任期内如何打算适用法律。这项法令为公民和法律从业者提供了指导，确保了在司法应用中的清晰性和一致性。pretor根据社会需求调整法令的灵活性展示了一种早期的法律改革形式，使法律能够随着变化的情况而发展。这种适应性是现代法律体系的基石，法律必须反映社会的价值观和需求。此外，pretor在扩展个人权利方面也发挥了关键作用。最初，罗马法主要关注财产和合同义务。然而，随着社会的复杂化，pretor开始关注与个人权利和社会正义相关的问题。他们引入了新的法律概念，例如对女性和奴隶的保护，这在当时是革命性的。这种法律思想的演变可以被视为现代关于人权和平等问题讨论的前奏。pretor的影响超出了法庭。pretor还参与政治事务，常常充当冲突各方之间的调解者。这种作为法律权威和政治人物的双重角色说明了古罗马法律与治理之间的相互关联性。这引发了关于权力分立的思考，这是现代民主制度的基础。不同政府部门之间的权力平衡对于维护正义和防止权力滥用至关重要。总之，pretor在古罗马的角色在塑造当时的法律景观中起到了重要作用。他们的职责包括司法管理、法律先例的创建和个人权利的扩展。pretor的遗产继续在今天的法律体系中产生共鸣，强调了司法裁量权、适应性和追求正义的重要性。理解pretor的历史意义使我们能够欣赏我们当前法律框架的基础以及社会中正义的持续演变。