commerce clause

简明释义

通商条款

英英释义

例句

1.Businesses often rely on the protections offered by the commerce clause 商业条款 when engaging in interstate commerce.

企业在进行州际商业时，通常依赖于商业条款 商业条款提供的保护。

2.Some state laws have been struck down due to conflicts with the commerce clause 商业条款.

一些州法律因与商业条款 商业条款冲突而被撤销。

3.The commerce clause 商业条款 has been a key factor in cases involving environmental regulations.

在涉及环境法规的案件中，商业条款 商业条款一直是一个关键因素。

4.The Supreme Court often interprets the commerce clause 商业条款 to regulate interstate trade.

最高法院经常解释商业条款 商业条款以规范州际贸易。

5.Many federal laws are based on the power granted by the commerce clause 商业条款 of the Constitution.

许多联邦法律基于宪法中赋予的商业条款 商业条款的权力。

作文

The United States Constitution is a remarkable document that has shaped the nation’s legal framework and governance. Among its many provisions, one of the most significant is the commerce clause, which is found in Article I, Section 8. The commerce clause grants Congress the power to regulate commerce with foreign nations, among the several states, and with the Indian tribes. This seemingly straightforward provision has had profound implications for federal authority and the balance of power between state and federal governments.Historically, the commerce clause was enacted in response to the economic challenges faced by the newly formed United States. In the years following independence, the states operated under a loose confederation, leading to trade disputes and economic instability. The framers of the Constitution recognized the need for a stronger central government that could regulate interstate commerce effectively. By empowering Congress with the commerce clause, they sought to create a unified economic policy that would facilitate trade and promote economic growth.Over the years, the interpretation of the commerce clause has evolved significantly. Initially, the Supreme Court adopted a narrow view, limiting Congress's regulatory powers. However, landmark cases such as Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) expanded the scope of the commerce clause. In this case, the Court ruled that Congress had the authority to regulate interstate navigation, thus setting a precedent for broader interpretations of economic activities that could affect interstate commerce.The New Deal era marked another pivotal moment in the history of the commerce clause. During the Great Depression, the federal government implemented various programs aimed at economic recovery. The Supreme Court, responding to these initiatives, adopted a more expansive view of the commerce clause, allowing Congress to regulate not just interstate trade but also local activities that could have a substantial effect on interstate commerce. This shift significantly increased federal power and set the stage for future legislation.In contemporary times, the commerce clause continues to play a crucial role in legal debates surrounding federalism and the limits of government power. Issues such as healthcare reform, environmental regulations, and civil rights have all been influenced by interpretations of the commerce clause. For instance, the Affordable Care Act (ACA) was challenged on the grounds that it exceeded Congress’s authority under the commerce clause. The Supreme Court ultimately upheld the ACA, emphasizing the broad reach of congressional power under this provision.Moreover, the commerce clause has implications beyond mere economic regulation. It serves as a foundation for various civil rights protections. The Civil Rights Act of 1964, which prohibited discrimination in public accommodations, was justified under the commerce clause, linking the fight against discrimination to interstate commerce.In conclusion, the commerce clause is a vital component of the U.S. Constitution that has evolved over time to reflect the changing dynamics of American society and governance. Its interpretation has expanded the federal government’s role in regulating economic activities and protecting civil rights. Understanding the commerce clause is essential for grasping the complexities of federalism in the United States and the ongoing debates about the appropriate balance of power between state and federal authorities. As we continue to navigate economic and social challenges, the significance of the commerce clause remains ever relevant in shaping the landscape of American law and policy.

美国宪法是一部卓越的文件，塑造了国家的法律框架和治理结构。在其众多条款中，最重要的之一就是位于第一条第八节的商业条款。商业条款赋予国会与外国、各州及印第安部落进行贸易的权力。这个看似简单的条款对联邦权力及州与联邦政府之间的权力平衡产生了深远的影响。历史上，商业条款的制定是为了应对新成立的美国面临的经济挑战。在独立后的几年里，各州在松散的联盟下运作，导致了贸易争端和经济不稳定。宪法的制定者意识到需要一个更强大的中央政府来有效地调节州际贸易。通过赋予国会商业条款，他们希望建立一个统一的经济政策，以促进贸易和经济增长。多年来，商业条款的解释发生了重大变化。最初，最高法院采取了狭义的观点，限制国会的监管权力。然而，像Gibbons诉Ogden案（1824年）这样的里程碑案件扩展了商业条款的范围。在这个案件中，法院裁定国会有权调节州际航运，从而为更广泛的州际商业活动的解释设立了先例。新政时代是商业条款历史上的另一个重要时刻。在大萧条期间，联邦政府实施了各种旨在经济复苏的计划。最高法院在回应这些举措时，采用了对商业条款更广泛的解释，允许国会调节不仅是州际贸易，还有可能对州际商业产生重大影响的地方活动。这一转变极大地增强了联邦权力，并为未来的立法奠定了基础。在当代，商业条款在围绕联邦主义和政府权力边界的法律辩论中继续发挥着关键作用。医疗保健改革、环境法规和民权等问题都受到商业条款解释的影响。例如，《平价医疗法案》（ACA）因超出了国会根据商业条款的权力而受到挑战。最高法院最终支持了ACA，强调了国会在这一条款下的广泛权力。此外，商业条款还具有超越经济监管的意义。它为各种民权保护提供了基础。《1964年民权法案》禁止公共场所的歧视，正是依据商业条款，将反对歧视的斗争与州际商业联系在一起。总之，商业条款是美国宪法的重要组成部分，随着时间的推移，反映了美国社会和治理动态的变化。它的解释扩展了联邦政府在调节经济活动和保护民权方面的角色。理解商业条款对于掌握美国联邦主义的复杂性以及关于州与联邦当局之间适当权力平衡的持续辩论至关重要。随着我们继续应对经济和社会挑战，商业条款的重要性在塑造美国法律和政策的格局中依然显得尤为相关。