solvation

简明释义

英[sɒlˈveɪʃən]美[sɔːlˈveɪʃən]

n. [化学] 溶解；[化学] 溶剂化作用；溶化

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The number of active hydrogen atoms attached to nitrogen atom of different classes of amine determine their effectiveness in extraction of metals by solvation.

根据与氮相连结的活性氢原子的多寡与有无，讨论了伯、仲、叔胺类溶剂化能力的强弱。

2.The two strains of monoclonal antibodies could restrain the solvation of erythrocyte. 2.

单抗能特异性地抑制溶血素溶解红细胞能力。

3.The Gibbs free energy of solvation is well correlated with the differences of the dipole moments between the gas and aqueous phases.

溶剂化吉布斯自由能与异构体在两相中偶极矩之差存在相关性。

4.The petroleum solution is a colloidal dispersion in which the asphaltene comprises the micellar nucleus, the resin forms the solvation layer and the remaining gas oil ACTS as the dispersing medium.

石油溶液是以沥青质为胶束中心，胶质为溶剂化层，瓦斯油分为分散介质的胶体分散体系。

5.The relationship between ion solvation and selectivity of PVC membranes for alkali metal ions has also been studied.

研究了溶剂化作用同pvc膜对金属离子选择性的关系。

6.The cleaning fluid must be balanced properly with ingredients that provide solvation, mild saponification and stability.

清洗液的成分应该适当均衡，以提供适宜的溶度、温和的皂化和稳定性。

7.During solvation, solvent molecules surround the solute particles.

在溶剂化过程中，溶剂分子包围溶质颗粒。

8.The process of solvation helps to stabilize ions in solution.

这个溶剂化过程有助于稳定溶液中的离子。

9.In chemistry, solvation is crucial for understanding reaction mechanisms.

在化学中，溶剂化对于理解反应机制至关重要。

10.The effectiveness of a drug can depend on its solvation properties.

药物的有效性可能依赖于其溶剂化特性。

11.The study of solvation can reveal insights into molecular interactions.

对溶剂化的研究可以揭示分子相互作用的见解。

作文

The process of dissolving a solute in a solvent is known as solvation. This term refers to the interaction between the solute molecules and the solvent molecules, which leads to the formation of a solution. Understanding solvation is crucial in various scientific fields, including chemistry, biology, and materials science. When a substance dissolves in a solvent, several factors come into play, such as temperature, pressure, and the nature of the solute and solvent. For instance, when table salt (sodium chloride) is added to water, the ionic bonds between the sodium and chloride ions are broken, and the ions become surrounded by water molecules. This process exemplifies solvation, where water acts as the solvent that stabilizes the ions in solution.In addition to ionic compounds, solvation also occurs with covalent compounds. For example, when sugar dissolves in water, the polar water molecules interact with the polar regions of the sugar molecules. This interaction allows the sugar to disperse evenly throughout the water, demonstrating how solvation can lead to the uniform distribution of solutes in a solvent. The efficiency of solvation can vary depending on the properties of the substances involved. Polar solvents are typically more effective at solvating polar solutes, while nonpolar solvents are better suited for nonpolar solutes.The concept of solvation extends beyond simple solutions. In biological systems, solvation plays a vital role in biochemical processes. For example, enzymes rely on the correct solvation of substrates to facilitate chemical reactions. The surrounding solvent can influence the enzyme's activity, as it affects the stability and reactivity of the substrate. Moreover, the study of solvation is essential in drug design, where understanding how a drug interacts with its solvent can determine its efficacy and bioavailability.Furthermore, solvation is not limited to liquid-phase interactions. In solid-state chemistry, the concept also applies to how ions or molecules are stabilized within a crystal lattice by solvent molecules during the crystallization process. This aspect of solvation is critical in developing new materials with specific properties, such as conductivity or strength.In summary, solvation is a fundamental process that underlies many chemical and biological phenomena. It describes how solute molecules interact with solvent molecules to form solutions, influencing everything from everyday cooking to complex biochemical reactions. By studying solvation, scientists can gain insights into the behavior of substances in various environments, paving the way for advancements in multiple fields, including medicine, environmental science, and materials engineering. As we continue to explore the intricacies of solvation, we uncover the essential roles that interactions at the molecular level play in our world, emphasizing the importance of this concept in both theoretical and practical applications.

溶解溶质于溶剂的过程称为solvation。这个术语指的是溶质分子与溶剂分子之间的相互作用，这种相互作用导致了溶液的形成。理解solvation在化学、生物学和材料科学等多个科学领域中至关重要。当一种物质溶解在溶剂中时，温度、压力以及溶质和溶剂的性质等多个因素都会发挥作用。例如，当食盐（氯化钠）加入水中时，钠离子和氯离子之间的离子键被打破，离子被水分子包围。这一过程示范了solvation，其中水作为稳定溶液中离子的溶剂。除了离子化合物，solvation还发生在共价化合物中。例如，当糖溶解在水中时，极性水分子与糖分子的极性区域相互作用。这种相互作用使糖能够均匀地分散在水中，展示了solvation如何导致溶质在溶剂中的均匀分布。solvation的效率可能因所涉及物质的性质而异。极性溶剂通常更有效地溶解极性溶质，而非极性溶剂更适合溶解非极性溶质。solvation的概念不仅限于简单的溶液。在生物系统中，solvation在生化过程中起着至关重要的作用。例如，酶依赖于底物的正确solvation来促进化学反应。周围的溶剂可以影响酶的活性，因为它会影响底物的稳定性和反应性。此外，solvation的研究在药物设计中至关重要，了解药物与其溶剂的相互作用可以决定其有效性和生物利用度。此外，solvation不仅限于液相相互作用。在固态化学中，这个概念同样适用于离子或分子在结晶过程中如何通过溶剂分子得到稳定。这一方面的solvation对于开发具有特定性质的新材料（例如导电性或强度）至关重要。总之，solvation是一个基础过程，它支撑着许多化学和生物现象。它描述了溶质分子如何与溶剂分子相互作用以形成溶液，从而影响从日常烹饪到复杂生化反应的方方面面。通过研究solvation，科学家们可以深入了解物质在各种环境中的行为，为医学、环境科学和材料工程等多个领域的进步铺平道路。随着我们继续探索solvation的复杂性，我们揭示了分子层面相互作用在我们世界中所扮演的重要角色，强调了这一概念在理论和实际应用中的重要性。