real-balance-effect theory

简明释义

实际余额效应论

英英释义

例句

1.Economists often reference the real-balance-effect theory when discussing the impacts of monetary policy on the economy.

经济学家在讨论货币政策对经济影响时，通常会提到实际余额效应理论。

2.When implementing tax cuts, policymakers consider the real-balance-effect theory to predict changes in consumer behavior.

在实施减税时，政策制定者考虑到实际余额效应理论以预测消费者行为的变化。

3.According to the real-balance-effect theory, when prices fall, the purchasing power of money increases, leading to higher consumer spending.

根据实际余额效应理论，当价格下降时，货币的购买力增加，从而导致消费者支出增加。

4.The real-balance-effect theory suggests that inflation can erode savings, making consumers feel poorer.

实际余额效应理论表明，通货膨胀会侵蚀储蓄，使消费者感到更贫穷。

5.The real-balance-effect theory plays a crucial role in understanding how changes in price levels affect overall economic activity.

实际余额效应理论在理解价格水平变化如何影响整体经济活动方面起着至关重要的作用。

作文

The economy is a complex system influenced by various factors, and one of the key theories that help us understand the relationship between price levels and consumer behavior is the real-balance-effect theory. This theory posits that changes in the price level affect the real value of money balances held by consumers. When prices fall, the purchasing power of money increases, leading to a rise in consumption. Conversely, when prices rise, the real value of money balances decreases, which can lead to a decline in consumer spending. Understanding this theory is crucial for policymakers and economists as it provides insights into how inflation and deflation can impact overall economic activity.To illustrate the real-balance-effect theory, consider a scenario where the general price level in an economy decreases due to a significant drop in the prices of essential goods. As consumers notice that their money can now buy more than before, they may feel wealthier and more confident about their financial situation. This newfound purchasing power encourages them to spend more, stimulating demand for goods and services. As businesses respond to this increase in demand, they may hire more workers or invest in expanding their operations, ultimately leading to economic growth.On the other hand, if the economy experiences inflation, the situation changes drastically. When prices rise, the same amount of money buys fewer goods and services, effectively reducing the real value of consumers' money balances. This decline in purchasing power can lead to a decrease in consumer confidence, prompting individuals to cut back on spending. As consumer demand drops, businesses may struggle to maintain sales, leading to potential layoffs and a slowdown in economic growth. The real-balance-effect theory thus highlights the importance of maintaining stable price levels to promote economic stability and growth.Moreover, the implications of the real-balance-effect theory extend beyond individual consumer behavior. It also affects monetary policy decisions made by central banks. For instance, if a central bank observes rising inflation, it may choose to increase interest rates to curb spending and stabilize prices. Conversely, in a deflationary environment, lowering interest rates can encourage borrowing and spending, supporting economic activity.In conclusion, the real-balance-effect theory serves as a vital framework for understanding the interplay between price levels and consumer behavior. By recognizing how changes in the price level affect the real value of money balances, we can better comprehend the dynamics of economic fluctuations. Policymakers must consider this theory when designing strategies to manage inflation and stimulate economic growth. Ultimately, maintaining a balance in price levels is essential for fostering a healthy and thriving economy, benefiting both consumers and businesses alike.

经济是一个复杂的系统，受多种因素的影响，而帮助我们理解价格水平与消费者行为之间关系的关键理论之一就是实际余额效应理论。该理论认为，价格水平的变化会影响消费者持有的货币余额的实际价值。当价格下降时，货币的购买力增加，从而导致消费的增加。相反，当价格上涨时，货币余额的实际价值减少，这可能导致消费者支出的下降。理解这一理论对政策制定者和经济学家至关重要，因为它提供了关于通货膨胀和通货紧缩如何影响整体经济活动的见解。为了说明实际余额效应理论，考虑一个场景，即由于基本商品价格大幅下降，经济中的一般价格水平下降。当消费者注意到他们的钱现在可以购买更多商品时，他们可能会感到更富有，对自己的财务状况更有信心。这种新发现的购买力鼓励他们增加消费，刺激对商品和服务的需求。随着企业响应这种需求的增加，它们可能会雇用更多工人或投资于扩展其业务，最终导致经济增长。另一方面，如果经济经历通货膨胀，情况就会发生根本性的变化。当价格上涨时，同样数量的钱只能购买更少的商品和服务，从而有效减少消费者的货币余额的实际价值。这种购买力的下降可能导致消费者信心的下降，促使个人减少支出。随着消费者需求的下降，企业可能会面临销售困难，导致潜在的裁员和经济增长的放缓。因此，实际余额效应理论强调了维持价格水平稳定以促进经济稳定和增长的重要性。此外，实际余额效应理论的影响还超出了个体消费者行为。它还影响中央银行的货币政策决策。例如，如果中央银行观察到通货膨胀上升，它可能选择提高利率以抑制支出并稳定价格。相反，在通货紧缩环境中，降低利率可以鼓励借贷和支出，从而支持经济活动。总之，实际余额效应理论作为理解价格水平与消费者行为之间相互作用的重要框架。通过认识到价格水平的变化如何影响货币余额的实际价值，我们可以更好地理解经济波动的动态。政策制定者在设计管理通货膨胀和刺激经济增长的策略时，必须考虑这一理论。最终，维持价格水平的平衡对于促进健康和繁荣的经济至关重要，惠及消费者和企业。